Background: The treatment of choice for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) in good performance status is definitive radiotherapy (RT), the five year survival being approximately 25-30%. Advances in the diagnostic procedures and treatment modalities in NSCLC have increased the overall survival, making identifying factors with impact on survival increasingly relevant. Recent research indicates that tumor laterality has impact on the survival of patients with 2 LA-NSCLC treated with definitive RT. The aim of this study was to investigate whether tumor laterality impacted overall survival. Materials and methods: All patients with stage IIa-IIIb NSCLC planned for curative intended RT from 2008-2013 at Odense University Hospital were analyzed to compare overall survival of patients with right sided vs. left sided tumors. Logrank test was performed to test for differences in survival rates, and Cox regression analyses to test for possible confounders. No patients were lost to follow-up. Results: In total 164 patients had tumor in the right lung, and 118 had tumor in the left lung. All patients had at least 4.5 years' follow up. Median overall survival was 19 months (right) and 22.5 months (left) p=0.729. Three year overall survival was 31% (right) and 35% (left). In Cox regression analyses age, performances status, and total mean lung dose were statistically significant with a hazard ratio (HR)=1.03
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