Persulfate-based in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) involves the injection of persulfate (S2O8 2-) into the subsurface to remediate contaminated groundwater and soils. Although S2O8 2does not react with contaminants to an appreciable extent, it can be activated into stronger oxidants (e.g., SO4 • and • OH) by heat, alkaline solutions, dissolved iron and ironcontaining minerals. The objective of the research described in this thesis is to explore the influence of temperature and background solutes on contaminant transformation by heat-and mineral-activated S2O8 2-. Through the transformation of benzoic acid (a model organic compound) and chlorendic acid (a flame retardant), it was discovered that temperature affects not only the rate of contaminant transformation but also the transformation pathway and distribution of byproducts. Solution pH, alkalinity, and chloride also influence the rates of persulfate activation and contaminant degradation.These novel understandings may help improve the design and operation of S2O8 2--based remedial systems.
<p>Evidence-based policy is still lacking in decision-making in Canada and around the world. As much of the world now faces concurrent crises among which are climate change, a global pandemic, and rising wealth inequality, the relationship between politicians and scientists is more important than ever. Climate literacy among office-holders, public servants, and regulators is critical for ushering in change and much needed transformation. Using Canada as a case study, this presentation from an engineer-turned-politician will discuss (1) the progress that has been made in climate literacy, with particular attention to its evolution in the political forum and the role of politicians, (2) a discussion of Canada&#8217;s national and the global response to climate change and its link with the COVID-19 pandemic, (3) the climate literacy in the public sphere and the obstacles to its health including undue corporate influence and disinformation. Politicians have an ethical duty to uphold the interests of their constituents, a duty that extends to the environment and to future generations; best-available science rather than the allures of crony-capitalism must win out the tug-of-war to realize that duty.</p>
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