The distinctive data management needs of transportation agencies in developing transportation-based applications dictate the presence of essential elements that are beyond existing transportation location referencing system data models. These elements include multi-dimensional location referencing, multiscale representation, navigation, and temporal GIS. This paper looks at the foundation for these elements, describes the characteristics of these elements and oVers solutions through a transportation-based multi-dimensional data model. By managing data expressed in one to four dimensions, the Multi-Dimensional Location Referencing System (MDLRS) data model allows organizations to implement improved solutions for transportation systems using advanced spatial technologies (e.g. GPS).
Presented are the essential temporal data constructs for providing solutions for transportation applications that use dynamic data, such as facility management systems, safety and incident management, transportation planning, and intelligent transportation systems. These temporal data constructs are categorized as time stamps, temporal topology, and temporal referencing. The characteristics of these constructs are described, and two geospatial standards that appear to support these constructs are reviewed. A new approach specialized for transportation applications that builds on the temporal data constructs of these standards is provided through the multidimensional location referencing system data model.
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