Latar belakang: Infeksi kronis dari soil transmitted helminth (STH) dapat menyebabkan gangguan gizi, pertumbuhan dan kognitif pada anak. Untuk mengurangi dampak infeksi STH, diperlukan identifikasi faktor risiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH pada siswa sekolah dasar di Desa Seraya Timur, Karangasem, Bali. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan mengambil total sampel. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2020. Data primer mengenai faktor-faktor risiko infeksi STH dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Diagnosis infeksi STH dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan tinja dengan metode Kato-Katz. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square untuk menentukan faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH. Hasil: Sebanyak 83 siswa yang berusia 6-12 tahun berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Terdapat 9 siswa (10.84%) yang terinfeksi STH dengan intensitas infeksi ringan. Sebanyak 55.56% terinfeksi Trichuris trichiura, 33.33% terinfeksi Ascaris lumbricoides dan 11.11% terinfeksi cacing tambang. Terdapat beberapa faktor risiko yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan infeksi STH diantaranya adalah sering bermain tanah (OR=6.86; 95%CI 1.326-35.494), bermain tanpa alas kaki (OR=10.5; 95%CI 1.249-88.278) tidak mencuci tangan setelah bermain tanah (OR=9.450; 95%CI 1.809-49.358) dan tidak memotong kuku secara rutin (OR=6.462; 95%CI 1.250-33.388).  Pemberian obat cacing setiap enam bulan mampu memberikan efek proteksi terhadap infeksi STH (OR=0.085; 95%CI 0.016-0.449). Kesimpulan: Kebersihan diri menjadi faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH. Direkomendasikan untuk meningkatkan promosi kesehatan terkait kebersihan diri disamping pemberian obat cacing setiap enam bulan. Kata kunci: Faktor risiko, infeksi STH, anak sekolah dasar   Abstract   Background: Chronic soil transmitted helminth (STH) infection might cause nutritional, growth and cognitive impairment in children. Identifying the risk factors of STH infection is crucially needed to minimize the infection effects. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with STH infections among primary school students in Seraya Timur Village, Karangasem, Bali. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with a total sampling method. The study was conducted in January 2020. Risk factors data were collected using a questionnaire. The diagnosis of STH infection was done by stool examination with the Kato-Katz method. The chi-square test was used to determine the risk factors associated with STH infection. Results: 83 students with ages ranging from 6-12 years participated in this study. There were 9 students (10.84%) whose infected with mild infection of STH. 55.56% of students were infected by Trichuris trichiura, 33.33% were Ascaris lumbricoides infections and 11.11% were hookworm infections. There were several risk factors that significantly associated with STH infection including ground’s playing (OR=6.86; 95%CI 1.326-35.494), barefoot (OR=10.5; 95%CI 1.249-88.278), did not wash hands after playing soil (OR=9.450; 95%CI 1.809-49.358) and did not routinely cut their nails (OR=6.462; 95%CI 1.250-33.388). Deworming every six months could provide a protective effect against STH infection (OR=0.085; 95%CI 0.016-0.449). Conclusion: Personal hygiene is a risk factor associated with STH infection. It is recommended to increase personal hygiene promotion besides dewormed every six months. Keywords: Risk factors, STH infection, primary school students

In achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, goal number 7, namely Clean and Affordable Energy, can be implemented through several efforts, one of which is the transformation of household energy from using LPG to an induction stove. Even though every household has the choice to choose an energy source to be used in its household activities, in making this choice, a household will find out which energy source is safer, cleaner and more economical to support its household activities. Household energy expenditure is an aspect that is no less important in this consideration. In addition to the use of induction stove, there are several other factors that affect household energy expenditure, including the number of household members, the number of electronic goods used, installed electrical power and the area of ​​the residential building. This research was conducted in Denpasar City with sample selection using propensity score matching with the nearest neighbor matching approach in 3 sub-districts/villages, namely Penatih Sub-District, Kesiman Petilan Village, and Tonja Sub-District.

Aims There is growing evidence that Telemedicine Interventional Management (TIM) can be advantageous in societies with an increasing prevalence of Heart Failure (HF). The objective of this meta-analysis was to assess the effectiveness of telemedicine intervention for patients with HF compared with conventional healthcare. Method and Result We systematically searched PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for randomized controlled trials (RCT) from January 2010 to December 2020. The primary effectiveness outcome was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes were all-cause hospitalization, cardiovascular mortality, and heart failure hospitalization. We include data from 15 RCTs comprising data for 11,262 patients. Telemedicine resulted in statistically significant risk reduction of all-cause mortality (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.72–0.91, p = 0.0004). Receiving Telemedicine interventions is likely to reduce the hospitalization for all causes (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83-0.98, p = 0.02, I2 = 84%) and the hospitalization due to HF (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.72-0.99, p = 0.04, I2 = 61%), compared with interventions from conventional healthcare. OR of telemedicine cardiac mortality (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.70-0.97, p = 0.02, I2 = 0%). Conclusion Compare with conventional healthcare, telemedicine intervention combines with medical support prove to be more effective for HF adult, particularly in reducing all-cause mortality, all-cause hospitalization, cardiovascular mortality, and heart failure hospitalization. While further research is required to confirm these findings and identify optimal telemedicine strategies and the duration of follow-up for which it confers benefits.