This study aimed to evaluate the effect of natural weathering on some surface characteristics and mechanical properties of Styrax wood treated with mixtures of 1.0%, 2.0%, or 4.0% rosin sizing agent and 3% copper sulfate. Wood samples after treatment were exposed to outdoor conditions for one year and changes in color, glossiness, weight loss, compression strength parallel to grain (CSPG), modulus of rupture (MOR), and modulus of elasticity (MOE) were investigated after 6 and 12-month of natural weathering. The results showed that rosin-copper treatment could improve color stability and gloss of samples after weathering. Mass losses of all rosin-copper treated samples after 12 months of exposure were negligible compared with the untreated control samples. In addition, rosin-copper treatment enhanced the CSPG compared to untreated controls, but slightly decreased the MOR and MOE of Styrax wood before weathering. Natural weathering factors induced a reduction for all strength properties, however, the decrease rate for strength properties of rosin-copper treated samples was negligible compared with the untreated control samples after 12-month natural weathering exposure. The FTIR and SEM-EDX confirmed that the use of the rosin-copper formulations to impregnate wood could decrease the hazard of the copper preservative leaching into the environment, while also enhancing more resistance against weathering factors and other biotic factors.
China is not only the world's second largest economy with a population of 1.4 billion, but also a neighbor country of Vietnam, whose demand for agricultural products is huge. Vietnam is an emerging economy in Southeast Asia. Its development has been remarkable over the past decade since the Vietnamese Government started its economic renovation policy in the late 1980s. Vietnam has been taking steps to become integrated in the region and in the world. Vietnam itself has an abundance of natural resources, which are potential for exporting agricultural products and minerals. According to statistics of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, China accounts for an average of about 28% of Vietnam's total agricultural and fishery exports to the world. In particular, vegetables, cashew nuts, coffee, rice, cassava and products from cassava, rubber, seafood witness such a large turnover. Since 2013 China has proposed the "One-belt, One-road" initiative, of which Vietnam is a part. The study uses gravity model with research's hypotheses: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per country, geographical distance (measured by the participation in the "One-belt, One-road" initiative -considered as a positive reason that leads to the export's expansion of Vietnam's agricultural products to the China's market), population, the level of economic openness (measured by China's policy on countries participating in the "One-belt, One-road" initiative), inflation, agricultural land area. Thus, the research could deeply evaluate the positive influences from the "One-belt, One-road" initiative on the export of Vietnam's agricultural products to China's market.
Abstract. The Chinese school video dictionary is a kind of teaching application software which is designed by using multimedia courseware. It focuses primarily on a combination of the multimedia technology and Chinese knowledge in school class. The programming realization was based on index data, data transfer, and efficient organization of data. In addition, to construct a video dictionary software is a goal of the designer. The dictionary database includes integrated thesaurus, exclusive pronunciation library and video library. The new Chinese school video dictionary considers four functions: query function, capturing function, vocabulary pronunciation function, and video display function. This paper aims at helping the teacher in teaching and many students in self-learning.
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