Graphene based on graphite oxide prepared by chemical reduction method is always interesting for scientists since the early days of discovery of graphene. Many different reducing agents are recommended, however every reducing agent is only active on one type of functional groups on the structure of graphene oxide. For studying clearly the reducing ability of the chemical reducing agent, this research has focused on investigating the possibility of 3 reducing agents such as N2H4, NaBH4 and HI. Besides, polyethylene oxide is also used as modified agent to completely exfoliate of graphite oxide before continuing the reduction process. Based on spectral analysis methods such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV-Vis and Raman spectroscopy, we have demonstrated the reduced ability of each agent, and strong reducing agent is HI. Exfoliated structure of MGO-PEG and graphene is demonstrated by means of X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning (SEM) and transmittance (TEM) electron microscopy. The thermal analysis methods such as TGA and DSC also contribute to clarify the role of each reducing agent. Finally, the four-probe method was used to determine the sheets resistance of the graphene film: RGO-HI (120 Ω/square), RGO-Na (1300 Ω/square) and RGO-Hz (1500 Ω/square). This study contributes to clarify the reducing ability of N2H4, NaBH4 and HI on the same kind of graphene oxide that has not yet been studied.
In this work, nanohybrid of zinc oxide/ cellulose nanocrystals (ZnO/CNC) was successfully prepared by using a low cost and green method for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB). CNC had been derived through the hydrolysis reaction by citric/hydrochloric acid from the pure cellulose isolated from Vietnamese Nypa fruticans trunk. The obtained CNC with carboxyl groups could act as a stabilizing and supporting agent to anchor ZnO nanoparticles. The chemical and crystal structures, morphology, thermal and photocatalytic properties of the ZnO/CNC nanohybrid were characterized by FESEM, FTIR, XRD, FESEM, BET, EDX, TGA, DRS and photocatalytic tests. Analyses of FTIR spectra, XRD, and FESEM indicated that the ZnO nanocrystals with the size of 50 nm formed and loaded on the surface of CNC. The TGA analysis demonstrated that the ZnO loading sample (ZnO/CNC) had the thermal degradation onset temperature higher than that of neat CNC. ZnO/CNC cuold be absorpted ultraviolet light and have high value of specific surface area (SBET), based on the DRS spectra and the nitrogen adsorption – desorption isotherms analysis, respectively. ZnO/CNC displayed more photocatalytic activity than pure ZnO upon degradation of methylene blue due to strong interaction between the CNC and ZnO nanoparticles. The maximum degradation of MB was about 95% in 150 minutes for the ZnO/CNC.
Polymer nanocomposites reinforced by graphene oxide is one of the new research and developed from 2005 up to date. In this study, we had successfully fabricated polystyrene/graphene oxide nanocomposite by solution-based method. Graphite oxide was synthesized by the method of Hummers and exfoliated in solvent under the effect of ultrasound. The thermal and mechanical properties of PS/RGO nanocomposites were superitor to original polystyrene. In addition, our research has focused on the effect of graphene oxide to the rheological properties of polystyrene – one of the most important properties of polymer materials.
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and nanocomposites PMMA/nano-clay were widely applied in many different fields. Bone cement is one of the important application which makes artificial bones and joints. The purpose of our study is the improvement of properties of PMMA. Therefore, organo-clay modified by polyethylene oxide (PEO) was used to reinforce the PMMA resin. In order to increase the interaction between PMMA and organo-clay, the in-situ emulsion polymerization has been used to synthesize nanocomposites. Accordingly, nanocomposites with the weight percentage of organo-clay of 1 %, 3 %, 5 %, 7 % increase the thermal and mechanical properties compared to PMMA. These were evidence of the good interaction between PMMA and organo-clay. In addition, PMMA/5 % MMT-PEO nanocomposite is also synthesized by in-situ Pickering emulsion polymerization [3] to compare with the method of emulsion polymerization.
The main component of Natural rubber (NR) is cis-1,4-poly isoprene a renewable natural elastomer produced from the latex of rubber tree. NR has many excellent properties, such as outstanding resilience, high strength, tear resistance and good process ability. Therefore, it is compounded with various chemicals and fillers like carbon black, clay, silica in suitable high concentration to achieve wide range properties having many applications in industries. However, as many synthetic polymers, NR needs a lot of time to be degraded and using carbon black as a filler could cause pollution and gives to the rubber a black color that has a significantly negative effect on products. The aim of the present work was to study the mechanical properties of bio based materials from thermoplastic starch (TPS), natural rubber and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) used as a compatibilizer. The TPS/NR material was prepared by blending the plasticized starch with natural rubber latex and ENR in a Haake Rheomix 600 mixer. The morphology, mechanical and thermal properties of the material was investigated. The results show that the crystal structure of blend disappeared and thermal stability of material was not improved. Material had the best mechanical properties at TPS/NR ratio 30/70 with ENR content 15%wt.
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