Reactive species in the gas-phase region are of great interest for biomedical, agricultural, and industrial applications. At the same time, assessment of the concentration and distribution of reactive species and treatment area control need to be further understood. Visualization of reactive species concentration and distribution has been studied for decades based on a variety of methods. This study proposes polyvinyl alcohol–potassium iodide (PVA–KI) as a novel gel chemical probe. The probe uses the reactions among PVA, KI, water, borax, and oxidative species to visualize the distribution of reactive species. This method provides information regarding the distribution of reactive species by coloration on the gel surface. The effects of the surrounding gas phase on the distribution and diffusion of the reactive species are also investigated using the PVA–KI gel probe. Further, the relationship between the irradiation distance and reactive species diffusion is determined on the surface of the PVA–KI probe with and without plastic shielding. Adjusting the irradiation distance appropriately leads to an increase in the modified area as detected by the PVA–KI gel probe analysis. The relative reactive species concentration distributions are also obtained from visualized color distributions measured using a colorimeter. Further, reactive species generation by long-scale line plasma is confirmed by the color reaction on the PVA–KI gel surface, with a greater area being covered by an atmospheric-pressure pulsed microwave line plasma source.
In the operation of a nuclear power plant (NPP), to adjust the capacity of NPP is necessary. When the NPP capacity is changed the nuclear fission is also changed. The methods used in changing the capacity of NPP include: changing the boron concentration, changing the position of the control rod groups, and changing the boron concentrations and the position of the control rod groups together. This report presents some results of the research, measurement boron concentrations when nuclear power plans OPR1000 critically state in the cases of ARO, ARI SB, ARI R1, R5 = 191 cm on the basis of the bisection method in the boron concentrations adjustment. The experiment is performed on core the simulator for OPR 1000 nuclear power plant. The results in the 4 cases were similar with NPP operating data using OPR1000 reactor.
In order to operate a nuclear power plant, ensuring safety is the most important factor. The function of safety rods are to shut down the reactor in case of emergency. The purpose of this paper to show the result of research and determine the value of safety rods SA, SB. Determination of the Boron concentration corresponding to each group of safety rods of OPR1000 nuclear reactor ensures the safely in the whole operation process. Experimental simulation is carried out in the system simulating core reactor OP1R1000 (CoSi OPR1000). The expermental result corresponds with the theoretic calculated result of Sa and Sb with 1500 pcm, 4000 pcm. The concentrations of Boron appropriately are 134 ppm and 284 ppm, respectively.
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