The industrialization explosion and agricultural activities, human disruption in the biochemical cycle of elements has increased the concentration of heavy metal contaminants in ground and water surface. It creates public concern about the pollution of water sources when the demand for quality of life is increasing. Therefore, the modification of biochar derived from rice husk can create the novel material had the potential for application in effective removal of Pb from wastewater. Adsorption has been regarded as a promising strategy for the elimination of persistent heavy metals pollutants in water. Biochar (BC) derived from rice husk is an environmentally friendly sorbent for contaminants removal. This study focused on the impact of functional groups to enhance the removal of lead (Pb) by biochar material. The results are when used alginate modified biochar (MBC) to alter rice husk biochar (RhBC), the highest sorption capacities for Pb are enhanced from 33.61 mg g-1 to 101.44 mg g-1. Application of the Langmuir - Freundlich adsorption isotherm and pseudo second kinetic equation show that the sorption mechanisms of Pb by MBC influenced by both physisorption and chemisorption with complexation of functional groups is main influencer on adsorption of Pb.
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