For the purpose of an electronic paper application, alginate/Ca hydrogel particles having a diameter of a few micrometers used with Titanium Black (TB), which has a diameter of B1 lm, for visualization purposes were prepared by mixing an aqueous sodium alginate solution with TB into an aqueous CaCl 2 solution. In order to increase their absolute zeta potential |f| for demonstrating good electric responsive behavior, micro-hydrogel particles were rinsed instantaneously by different concentrations of Na 2 CO 3 solution. Through this procedure, the absolute value of the zeta potential |f| in pure water increased from |f|¼1.3 mV for the minimum value to |f|¼73 mV for the maximum value with an upon increasing Na 2 CO 3 concentration. Micro-hydrogel particles were set between electrodes in pure water, their electro-responsive behavior was examined under an applied electric field and their position was analyzed using an optical microscopy. It was found that micro-hydrogel particles with a high absolute zeta potential |f| could oscillate from the anode to the cathode with a corresponding frequency, and threshold absolute zeta potential |f| was found to be between 1.3 and 39 mV.
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