A quantum statistical approach is used to study the interaction of electromagnetic (EM) waves with a hbt plasma. The quantum calculation takes into account the correlation effects. The Coulomb interaction between the charged particles is renormalized so as to take care of the collective effects. This renormalization also reduces the number of diagrams to be considered to obtain any desired accuracy. The results for a classical plasma are obtained by passing to the limit -h -> 0. Some applications are considered for a classical hot plasma. In the damping of EM waves, the contributions of correlations are more important, at the limits of high and low frequencies, than the Landau contribution, which prevails at plasma resonances. Also, the appearance of the ion Doppler spread, instead of the electron Doppler spread, in the data for the scattering of EM waves observed in the ionosphere backscattering experiments, is explained in terms of correlation effects.
Introduction: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the leading causes of infections in cancer patients. Antibiotic-resistant E. coli is a major cause of treatment failure in infected cancer patients. This study aims to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli in cancer patients from January 2022 to December 2022 at National Cancer Hospital. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective review of the culture results of various clinical samples. Results: A total of 283 samples were analyzed to identify E. coli and its antimicrobial profiles. The prevalence of E. coli was 15.9%. The highest isolation rate was obtained from blood samples (35.56%). The highest rate of E. coli resistance was found in ampicillin (95.56%), followed by sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (77.76%) and ceftazidime (64.44%). The highest rate of E. coli sensitivity was found in fosfomycin (97.78%), followed by ertapenem, imipenem, meropenem, and amikacin (95.56% each), and nitrofurantoin (93.33%). About 55.56% and 80.0% were ESBL-positive and multidrug-resistant, respectively. Conclusion: E. coli isolates showed high rates of resistance to ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim, and ceftazidime. Fosfomycin, ertapenem, imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, and nitrofurantoin are considered appropriate for the empirical treatment of E. coli. Regular monitoring of E. coli resistant to antibiotics is recommended.
We studied to produce SERS substrates using gold (Au) nanoparticles (AuNPs) prepared by pulse laser ablation (PLA) in water. The colloidal Au NPs with average size of 23nm were deposited on a silicon wafer to form AuNPs/Si SERS substrate. Malachite green was chosen as a test analyte to examine the sensitivity of the SERS substrates. The SERS enhancement factor of the AuNPs/Si was found to be about 106. The high sensitivity of the AuNPs/Si substrates was confirmed by the SERS spectra of malachite green detected with high quality at concentrations of 0.1ppm. The SERS substrates can detect SERS spectra of tetracycline at low concentrations of around 1ppm.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.