Background Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a chronic disease associated with genetic factors related to mutations of the interleukin 36 receptor antagonist gene (IL36RN) and the caspase recruitment domain 14 gene (CARD14). However, the relevance of these mutations to the clinical features and severity of GPP remains unclear. Aims Our objective was to correlate the presence of IL36RN and CARD14 mutations with the clinical and laboratory findings in patients with GPP. Methods This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 64 subjects with GPP. Clinical manifestations were recorded and the severity was graded as mild, moderate, or severe. Routine laboratory tests were performed and blood samples were collected for Sanger sequencing. The clinical data of patients were compared among the different mutation groups. Results The two main variants of IL36RN were c.115+6T > C (p.Arg10ArgfsX1) and c.227C > T (p.Pro76Leu). The major CARD14 mutations were c.2458C > T (p.Arg820Trp), c.1641C > T (p.Arg547Ser), and c.1753G > A transitions. Provocative factors were uncommon in the group with both IL36RN and CARD14 mutations. Drugs (unspecified), especially herbals, were the most common triggers. A history of psoriasis was frequent in patients with only CARD14 mutations, but fever was uncommon. The c.1641C > T mutation was associated with leukocytosis > 15000/mm3 and the c.1753G > A mutation was associated with hypoalbuminemia <3.8g/dL. Both the c.115+6T > C and c.227C > T variants of IL36RN were associated with fever ≥38.5°C while the c.115+6T > C variant was also associated with geographic tongue. No gene mutations were associated with the total severity and severity grades. Limitations Four patients without the two major IL36RN mutations were excluded from the study. Conclusion The presence of IL36RN and CARD14 mutations were associated with a history of psoriasis, various provocative factors, fever, leukocytosis, hypoalbuminemia, and geographic tongue. Further studies to explore the role of these mutations in therapeutic efficacy and disease outcomes are necessary.

This study aimed to synthesize the compound of copper and 4,4'-oxysbisbenzoic acid (CuOBA), analyze its physical and chemical properties and employ it as a heterogeneous catalyst for the C-O coupling reaction of 2-acetyl-1-napthol and benzyl ether. The metal-organic framework material CuOBA was synthesized using the solvothermal method. The physicochemical characteristics of CuOBA were determined by several different analytical techniques, including X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). CuOBA was used as a heterogeneous catalyst for the coupling reaction of the C-O connection between 2-acetyl-1-napthol and benzyl ether in good yield considering the factors of time, temperature, the concentration of reactants, solvents, and the mass of the catalyst. The results revealed that CuOBA, a catalyst for organic reactions, gave a conversion of 75.57%. The CuOBA catalyst was possible to reuse numerous times in the coupling reaction of 2-acetyl-1-napthol and benzyl ether without noticeable deterioration in catalytic efficiency. The direct esterification to produce 2-acetyl-1-naphthyl benzoate assisted by the CuOBA catalysts has not been reported in the literature before.

Genetic variability and correlation analysis are fundamental references for the innovative development of breeding programs to improve varieties and desirable traits. In the present study, the correlation and path analysis was conducted to understand the association among yield, micronutrients (iron and zinc), and protein content under aerobic conditions in local rice landraces from various agro ecological regions of Karnataka, India. The grain yield per plant showed a significant positive correlation with plant height, the tiller number, spikelet fertility, flag leaf length, and test weight. The zinc content was negatively correlated with grain yield per plant. The phenotypic path-coefficient analysis revealed that the total number of tillers, grain length, test weight, and harvest index exhibited a positive direct effect on grain yield per plant, while Grain protein content showed a low direct effect on this trait. This study also indicated that harvest index, flag leaf length, spikelet fertility, and test weight could be considered to make for a higher yield.

The genus Annona includes important commercially grown tropical crops but also has been grown popularly in Vietnam due to its wide range of clinical applications. In this study, two DNA barcodes (rbcL and rpoC1) and two ISSR markers were used to assess the interspecies of eleven Annona samples collected from different provinces in the Mekong Delta. As a result, the rbcL marker was successfully amplified and sequenced for identifying Annona species, while rpoC1 sequences required extensive editing and could not distinguish between A. muricata, A. glabra, and A. squamosa samples in BLASTN analysis. The rbcL and rpoC1 sequences harbor 9 and 7 SNPs, respectively, and showed cross evolution properties of A. squamosal NDL-NB among three species. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that sample NDL-NB, previously recognized as A. squamosa morphologically, was grouped in the cluster of A. muricata based on rbcL sequences, whereas it was distinguished in the clusters of A. squamosal and A. glabra based on rpoC1 sequences. Among 33 bands generated from ISSR primers, 20 bands were polymorphic, accounting for 60.60%. Dendrogram analysis of ISSR data could classify seven amplified DNA samples into three genotypes that were not geographically dependent. In conclusion, the performance of the approved DNA barcodes and ISSR analysis appeared to be species-specific or genus-specific, especially indicating the evolutionary divergence of Annona species derived from a neighboring country and its adaptation to certain geographical locations.

The study's objective was to isolate and select some bacterial strains able to resolve insoluble phosphorus and stimulate the growth of water spinach from vegetable soil in Tra Vinh province. First, we isolated 16 strains of bacteria able to resolve insoluble phosphorus with diverse colony morphology, including clear white, milky white, light yellow, and dark yellow. Then, we conducted qualitative phosphate solubilization by agar disc diffusion method with the resolved phosphorus ring diameter after five days ranging from 1.47 to 6.07 cm. Twelve strains of bacteria were selected after qualitative determination of soluble phosphorus by the molybdate method. The dissolved phosphorus content ranged from 6.76 to 48.61 mg/L after 10 days of inoculation. Four bacterial strains with the highest soluble phosphorus content, including P5, P8, P11, and P13, were selected to evaluate the effect on the germination rate and growth stimulation of water morning glory (Ipomoea aquatica) under laboratory conditions. The in vivo results showed that two isolate strains (P5 and P11) increased germination rate, stem height, root length, and fresh biomass. They had significant differences (p < 0.05) compared to the other strains. The 16S rRNA sequences showed that the two isolates, P5 and P11, were identified as Burkholderia spp.