Managers normally have an advantage over the market in predicting firm-specific events. This creates information asymmetry between managers of the firm and the market. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between firm value and information asymmetry in Vietnam. Our data include 202 non-financial companies with 606 firm-year observations collected from the two main stock exchange markets in Vietnam including Hanoi Stock Exchange and Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange, covering 3 years from 2017-2019. The finding of this study indicates that two variables measuring information asymmetry (ASYDISP, ASYDUM) negatively impact firm value. Besides, control variables such as return on assets, leverage, firm size, and intangible assets are found to have significant effects on firm value.
The paper presents the results of monitoring some basic environmental factors in the Can Gio environmental monitoring station in the period 2009-2019. The environmental parameters like temperature, salinity and pH, total suspended solids, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, nutrient concentrations (NH 4 + -N, PO 4 3--P) were collected and analyzed twice a month (both of high tide and low tide). Based on the results at the two monitoring stations, the coastal water quality in the study area changes seasonally, especially depends on the tide. The combination of rainy season and the low tide created a falling in the parameters of salinity and dissolved oxygen, whereas total suspended solids was high. Water temperature was found to be in the range of 27-30.6°C; salinity ranged between 20 and 29.5‰. The pH were found to be neutral and had decreasing features in recent years, whereas salinity was opposite. The recorded variation dissolved oxygen concentration in the study area was 3.9-5.9 mg.l -1 , with the lowest level at low tide. Generally, the environment in the study area was not polluted yet. However, at Long Hoa station C2, the value of of biochemical oxygen demand, phosphate and ammonia were higher than these which in Cau Den station C1. This shows that Can Gio area has a potential risk of partial pollution.
Managers normally have an advantage over the market in predicting firm-specific events. This creates information asymmetry between managers of the firm and the market. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between firm value and information asymmetry in Vietnam. Our data include 202 non-financial companies with 606 firm-year observations collected from the two main stock exchange markets in Vietnam including Hanoi Stock Exchange and Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange, covering 3 years from 2017-2019. The finding of this study indicates that two variables measuring information asymmetry (ASYDISP, ASYDUM) negatively impact firm value. Besides, control variables such as return on assets, leverage, firm size, and intangible assets are found to have significant effects on firm value.
Raising capital not only helps firms to meets the capital needs for production and business's development, but also supports them to endure financial risks. Hence, the problem of proactively choosing a reasonable financing structure between equity and debt to maximize corporate value becomes more and more imperative. This paper aims to investigate the relationship between corporate governance, especially ownership structure, and funding decision of Vietnamese listed firms. The study data include 209 non-financial companies with 1,045 firm-year observations obtained from two main stock exchange in Vietnam, including Hanoi Stock Exchange and Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange, covering a 5-year period from 2014 to 2018. The finding of this study reveals that CEOs, state government, and foreign ownership significantly impact on capital structure, whilst there is no evidence to support the correlation between board ownership and funding decision. As for capital structure specific control variables, including firm size (Size), current ratio (CAR), cash ratio (OPCFTA), tangibility ratio (PPETA), and profitability (ROA) significantly effect on firm leverage.
Learning a foreign language (FL) is often characterized by challenges, setbacks, and the need to adapt to new linguistic and cultural contexts. Adversity Quotient (AQ) offers a unique perspective on individuals’ ability to navigate and overcome these obstacles. For these reasons, the study was carried out to measure the AQ, FL competence and investigate the relationship between the AQ and FL competence of students at a university in Vietnam. The participants were recruited from 409 students at a university in Vietnam with different majors and different courses to measure the AQ index, FL competence and the relationship between the AQ index and students’ FL competence. Two instruments were used i.e., the Adversity Response Profile (ARP) 1.0 was developed by Paul G. Stoltz to measure an individual’s AQ and the ASK model (Attitude – Skills – Knowledge) in combination with the results of English subjects to assess students’ competence in using English. SPSS 26 software was used for data analysis. The findings indicated that the students’ AQ index is at a moderately low level; foreign language competence is at a moderately fair level and there is a low positive correlation between the student’s AQ and FL competence.
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