Combustion behavior of inorganic nitrates (KNO3, NaNO3, CsNO3, Ba(NO3)2, Sr(NO3)2, Pb(NO3)2, and NH4NO3) based energetic materials in wide range of pressure (0.1–18 MPa) was studied. Samples have the same binder and differ in combustion temperature due to a change of oxidizer excess ratio (α). It is shown that compositions differ in the burning rate, in its dependence on pressure. The extreme dependence of burning rate on α is established. The combustion temperature of the samples was experimentally determined.
The influence of metallic fuel (aluminum and aluminum‐magnesium alloy) on the burning rate of compositions based on inorganic nitrates (KNO3, NaNO3, CsNO3, Ba(NO3)2, Sr(NO3)2) was studied in a wide range of pressure (0.1–18 MPa). Samples have the same binder and differ in basic burning rate and flame temperature. Calculated flame temperature greatly depends on the Al and Al−Mg amount. The effect of metallic fuel on the burning rate of basic samples is complex. It depends not only on the properties of metals but also on the influence of cation nitrate on the burning rate of the basic sample and pressure combustion. Al and Al−Mg alloy have a different effect on the burning rate of the base samples. The efficiency of the metal on the combustion of base compositions is higher for low burning rate samples and samples with an increased oxidizer excess ratio. The lowest positive metal efficiency on the burning rate is observed for the fast‐burning KNO3 and CsNO3‐based compositions. At low pressure, Al−Mg alloy has a more significant effect than Al on the burning rate of the base samples. A slight increase in the burning rate for fast‐burning basic compositions is observed with the addition of a small amount of Al at atmospheric pressure. With a further rise of Al amount in the composition, the burning rate of the metalized sample becomes lower than the basic sample. With pressure growth, the metal effect on the burning rate increases due to a proportional change in the density of the resulting combustion products. As a result, metal combustion was more complete in the zone affecting the increase of burning rate.
In this article, the influence of some factors on the characteristics of metallized incendiary mixtures (pyrogels) was studied. The pyrogel-type contains benzene, polyisobutylene, magnesium, aluminum-magnesium alloy, sodium nitrate, and different additives. It is shown that the molecular weight of polyisobutylene, the amount of aluminum-magnesium alloy, the particle size of metal combustibles, and the amount and type of polyester threads have different effects on the heat of combustion, flash point, burning rate, flame height, and adhesion to the material surface. The optimal pyrogel contains 38-40% thickened benzene - PIB with molecular weight 175000-225000, 25-27% aluminum-magnesium alloy with particle size ≤ 160µm, 10-12% magnesium powder with particle size ≤ 180µm, 15% sodium nitrate, 8% phenol-formaldehyde resin and 1.5% (over 100%) 3D polyester threads.
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