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There is broad consensus that the ecological-social landscapes for government-designated protected areas should comprise core areas and their surrounding buffer zones and that the essential tasks for managing these landscapes should comprise: (i) ecological research and monitoring, (ii) law enforcement, (iii) community outreach and awareness raising, (iv) community livelihoods development and engagement with community managed lands, (v) ecotourism, and (vi) habitat management. This paper proposes that these tasks should not necessarily be undertaken by the protected area agency alone. Instead, it recommends investigation into the development of protected area management working groups in the different fields of management, whereby these networks create institutional linkages between the grassroots communities, other local stakeholders and a protected area co-management committee. The paper draws from the authors' experiences and briefly describes models for such local networks already being implemented in northern Vietnam and Laos for protected areas with high biodiversity values. While many of the approaches described are still too young to draw conclusive evidence of their efficacy, their implementation demonstrates that local interest for innovative approaches to co-management can be generated.

The general theory of the time-resolved luminescence of the coupled system consisting of a single-mode microcavity and a two-level quantum dot containing one electron placed inside this microcavity is presented. It is based on the study of the time evolution of the density matrix of a larger system consisting of one electron in the two-level quantum dot, single-mode photons in the microcavity and external photons in a spatial region in which the emitted photons are detected. The decoherence of the system is taken into account in the Markov approximation. The explicit analytical form of the time dependence of the intensity of the emitted photon beam is established. It depends not only on the physical parameters of the system but also contains the matrix elements determining the initial condition of the luminescence process.

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