The self-weight of the concrete slab in high-rise building construction significantly affects the risk of structural failure in earthquake-prone areas as the earthquake force is directly proportional to the mass of the building. To reduce the building mass then the sandwich concrete slab is introduced. This study focuses on variations of aspect ratio effect on the slab behavior under central point loading. The aspect ratios are set at 1.0, 1.26, 1.5, and 2.0. A normal concrete slab with an aspect ratio of 1 as the control specimen is prepared. Tension reinforcement of D10-150 is placed in both x-and y-direction. While the compression reinforcement of P8-200 for both directions is used. The slabs were supported on four edges and tested under a central point load. Results found that the slab with an aspect ratio of 2.0 has a greater stiffness than other slabs as well as the resistance load capacity. The slab with an aspect ratio less than 2.0 behaves similarly with no significant differences. Generally, the slab ductility index decreases with increasing the aspect ratio. All slabs have ductile behavior which is indicated by both the strain measurement and the relationship of the load-deflection curves. An aspect ratio of 2.0 as the limit used by the Standard for distinguishing one-way and two-way slab elements is proven valid and acceptable.
The ultimate bearing capacity is an important parameter in the footing foundation design. Several classical methods are often used to analyze the bearing capacity of a footing foundation. However, the results of this analysis always give less accurate results than the experiment. In this manuscript, an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model was built for predicting ultimate bearing capacity of footings on granular soil. Learning process data consists of input and output. The five input parameters used for the model development in this study are width (B), depth (D f ), shape factor (L/B) of footing, unit weight (γ) and friction angle (φ) of soil and the output is ultimate bearing capacity (q u ). The results of the analysis showed that the ANFIS model has a good level of accuracy compared with the experiment, where the correlation coefficient (R 2 ) for testing data was 0.98 and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) was 32.11 kN/m 2 . This demonstrates that the ANFIS model developed is accurate in predicting the ultimate bearing capacity of footings on granular soil.
Development in the construction sector continues to increase. The most common building material nowadays is concrete. Although normal concrete is often is being used, at this time high strength concrete and lightweight concrete have also been widely used in construction. In the codes for concrete materials, either SNI 03-6805-2002 or PBI NI-2 1971, it is stated about the assessment factor of compressive strength development for normal concrete according to the age of the concrete. However, these codes have not accommodated the assessment factor for high-strength and lightweight concrete. An experimental approach was used to determine the assessment factor and is discussed in this paper. The specimens were cylinders of high strength concrete, normal concrete, and lightweight concrete and tested for compressive strength after curing times of 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 days, 56, and 90 days. According to the experimental result, it presents that the concrete compressive strength increases with the increasing of concrete age. The assessment factor for the development of compressive strength of high-strength concrete shows the highest value, while lightweight concrete provides the lowest factor. The assessment factors of compressive strength development for normal concrete lie in between the values given in PBI NI-2 1971 and SNI 03-6805-2002. Meanwhile, the assessment factors stated in SNI 03-6805-2002 retains the highest value.
Jenggala Village is one of the villages in North Lombok Regency that was affected by the 2018 Lombok earthquake. Most damage to buildings and houses was caused by noncompliance with earthquake-resistant building standards. As the lower structure, the foundation is essential to distribute the structure's load, preferably given a layer that dampens vibrations. Used tires are an alternative material that can reduce seismic vibrations and be used as an earthquake-resistant house foundation. This community service project aims to raise public awareness about earthquake-resistant houses by using used tires as a foundation to reduce seismic vibrations. The methods used in this service activity are the lecture approach, discussion, question-and-answer sessions, and demonstrations with the foundation model made from used tires. The approach used is a participatory approach that is oriented towards efforts to increase community participation. The preparation stage, the implementation stage, and the evaluation stage are the activity stages. Based on the results of the community service activities, it was shown that the participants understood the training material for making earthquake-resistant foundations from used tires because the material was easy to obtain and very easy to manufacture. Partners have high motivation to participate in training. They are willing to share the training results with other community members so that using used tires as earthquake-resistant house foundations can support the post-earthquake rehabilitation and reconstruction process in all earthquake-affected areas in North Lombok Regency.
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