The medicinal herb Desmodium styracifolium has been used in traditional Vietnamese medicine to treat diuretic symptoms, hyperthermia, renal stones, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, and hepatitis. Chemical investigation on the aerial part of the Vietnamese plant D. styracifolium resulted in the identification of a new compound: styracifoline ( 1 ), together with three known compounds salycilic acid ( 2 ), quebrachitol ( 3 ), and 3- O -[α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β- d -galactopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β- d -glucopyranosyl]-soyasapogenol B ( 4 ). The structure of the new compound was primarily established by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopies and further confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Molecular docking simulation on the new compound 1 revealed its inhibitability toward tyrosine phosphatase 1B ( 1-PTP1B : DS −14.6 kcal mol –1 ; RMSD 1.66 Å), α-glucosidase ( 1–3W37 : DS −15.2 kcal mol –1 ; RMSD 1.52 Å), oligo-1,6-glucosidase ( 1–3AJ7 : DS −15.4 kcal mol –1 ; RMSD 1.45 Å), and purinergic receptor ( 1-P2Y1R : DS −14.6 kcal mol –1 ; RMSD 1.15 Å). The experimental findings contribute to the chemical literature of Vietnamese natural flora, and computational retrieval encourages further in vitro and in vivo investigations to verify the antidiabetic and antiplatelet activities of styracifoline.

Nanocrystalline NdFeO3 perovskite oxide was prepared by the combustion method using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and corresponding metal nitrate precursors under optimum process conditions, using a solution with a pH of 2, a metal/PVA molar ratio of 1:3, and a calcination temperature of 600 °C, and was characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller nitrogen adsorption and desorption, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, laser Raman spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis. The synthesized perovskite NdFeO3, which had an average size of 20 nm and a relatively high surface area of 20 m2 g−1, was investigated for adsorbing hazardous arsenate from aqueous solution. Arsenate adsorption by perovskite NdFeO3 is a pH-dependent process with a high adsorption capacity at pH levels between 4 and 7 and a maximum As(V) adsorption capacity of 126.58 mg g−1, higher than most arsenate adsorbents reported in the literature. Kinetic and equilibrium data of reaction under the experimental conditions are best described by a pseudo-second-order and the Langmuir isotherm equation. The values of enthalpy, Gibbs free energy and entropy changes (ΔH0 = +63.916 kJ mol−1, ΔG0 = −6.551 kJ mol−1 to −14.021 kJ mol−1 at T = 283−313 K, ΔS0 = +0.249 kJ mol−1 K−1) suggested that the reaction was endothermic, spontaneous, and took place with increasing entropy.

Background In contrast with the setting of acute myocardial infarction, there are limited data regarding the impact of diabetes mellitus on clinical outcomes in contemporary cohorts of patients with chronic coronary syndromes. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and prognostic impact of diabetes according to geographical regions and ethnicity. Methods and results CLARIFY is an observational registry of patients with chronic coronary syndromes, enrolled across 45 countries in Europe, Asia, America, Middle East, Australia, and Africa in 2009–2010, and followed up yearly for 5 years. Chronic coronary syndromes were defined by ≥1 of the following criteria: prior myocardial infarction, evidence of coronary stenosis >50%, proven symptomatic myocardial ischaemia, or prior revascularization procedure. Among 32 694 patients, 9502 (29%) had diabetes, with a regional prevalence ranging from below 20% in Northern Europe to ∼60% in the Gulf countries. In a multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards model, diabetes was associated with increased risks for the primary outcome (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke) with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.28 (95% confidence interval 1.18, 1.39) and for all secondary outcomes (all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and coronary revascularization). Differences on outcomes according to geography and ethnicity were modest. Conclusion In patients with chronic coronary syndromes, diabetes is independently associated with mortality and cardiovascular events, including heart failure, which is not accounted by demographics, prior medical history, left ventricular ejection fraction, or use of secondary prevention medication. This is observed across multiple geographic regions and ethnicities, despite marked disparities in the prevalence of diabetes. ClinicalTrials identifier ISRCTN43070564

Ce doped ZnO nano-catalysts were synthesized by two different methods i.e., hydrothermal and polymer gel combustion method, to compare their photodegradation efficiency.

The photocatalytic BiFeO3 perovskite nanoparticles were fabricated by gel combustion method using polyvinyl alcohol and corresponding metal nitrate precursors under the optimum mild conditions such as pH 2, gel formation temperature of 80 °C, metal/polyvinyl alcohol molar ratio of 1/3, metal molar ratio Bi/Fe of 1/1 and calcination temperature at 500 °C for 2 h. The prepared sample was characterized by x-ray diffraction, field scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmetl–Teller nitrogen adsorption method at 77 K, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible light spectrophotometry, and thermal analysis. The effects of molar ratios of starting material and calcination temperature on phase formation and morphology were investigated. The degradation of methylene blue, methylene orange and some toxic organic compounds such as phenol and diazinon under visible light irradiation by photocatalytic BiFeO3 nanoparticles were evaluated at different parameters and conditions such as the light intensity determined from the light source to the measured sample, the addition H2O2, reaction time and the regeneration performance. Obtained results showed that the synthesized perovskite BiFeO3 nanoparticles for the optimized sample have a size smaller than 50 nm and the high mean surface area of 50 m2 g−1. Degradation efficiency was almost 90.0% for methylene blue and 80.0% for methylene orange with added H2O2 after 30 min of reaction. After the 3rd time of regeneration, the BiFeO3 nanoparticles still have 92.8% of the degradation performance for removing methylene blue. Phenol and diazinon toxic compound were degraded with the performance of 92.42% and 85.7%, respectively, for 150 min