For sustainable use of coastal wetland ecosystems, vulnerability of the Xuan Thuy Ramsar site in the northern coast of Vietnam, an internationally important area for feeding and roosting of migratory water birds, is assessed. The assessment tools include 1) a geographical information system database, which describes physical, socio-economic, and environmental conditions; 2) spatial multi-criteria decision analysis, and 3) evaluating criteria by a pair-wise comparison method. Consequently, coastal vulnerability criteria were determined following three periods of a year with different density of migrating birds: the highest density period - from September to March of the following year; the average density period - April and from August to October; the lowest density period - the remain time in year. For each period, 5 levels of vulnerability (from 1-lowest to 5-highest level) were determined. High vulnerability level is concentrated in a great area, belonging to the ecological restored area and the south of communes Giao Thien, Giao Xuan; Low vulnerability level is distributed in communes of the buffer zone. Correspondingly to each vulnerability level, recommendations are given for the risk management, resource use, environment protection and human activities. Keywords: wetland, vulnerability, Ramsar site, hazard, sustainable useDOI: 10.3126/jowe.v2i1.1850Journal of Wetlands Ecology, (2009) vol. 2, pp 1-16
In land use resources, forests play an important role in mitigating climate change by reduce carbon uptake through afforestation as well as sustainable forest management. Vietnam is viewed as a "country in transition" with a "biodiversity hot spot" because many strange mammals have been discovered by scientists (McElwee, 2001). In the process of rapid social-economic development, Vietnam is facing many problem such as the conflict between the need of reduce poverty and the need of protect biodiversity. This research assess vulnerability of Bach Ma National Park (BMNP)-a protected area in central Vietnam-using spatial multi-criteria decision analysis and application of Geographic Information System (GIS). Expert interviews from different background are identified in order to establish AHP-group decision making framework. Different AHP results from individual judgments are then aggregated into a group decision to support the final decision making for vulnerability assessment. Data are processed and analyzed with help of ArcGIS to determine the spatial distribution of vulnerable areas in the National Park.
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