Aim:The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimycobacterial activity of the Curcuma xanthorrhiza ethanolic extract in vitro.Materials and Methods:Ethanolic extract of C. xanthorrhiza was set by maceration method. The broth microdilution and disc diffusion method were used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), respectively, of C. xanthorrhiza ethanol extract on strain Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv.Results:C. xanthorrhiza ethanol extract was found to have the antimycobacterial effects with a MIC value of 1600 μg/ml while MBC value of 3200 μg/ml for M. tuberculosis H37Rv.Conclusion:From these findings , it can be concluded that C. xanthorrhiza ethanol extract have an antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv in vitro and its potency elevated by increasing the C. xanthorrhiza ethanol extract concentration.
Tuberculosis masih merupakan masalah kesehatan di Indonesia dan di dunia. Tuberculosis paru disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis melalui percikan dahak pasien dengan tuberkulosis Basil Tahan Asam positif (BTA positif). Penularan TB dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti perilaku buruk. Bagaimana upaya mencegah penularan TB paru pada pasien yang berhubungan dengan perilaku kesehatan dapat menggunakan teori Health Belief Model (HBM). Provinsi Jawa Timur menempati urutan kedua dalam kasus TB pada 2017. Adapun Kota Surabaya, menempati posisi pertama dalam jumlah pasien TB tertinggi di Jawa Timur. Pusat Kesehatan Perak Timur adalah Puskesmas dengan jumlah pasien Tuberculosis terbanyak di Surabaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara persepsi dan perilaku pencegahan penularan Tuberculosis pada pasien Tuberculosis.Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode desain analitik cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien tuberkulosis paru, berjumlah 62 orang dari populasi 74 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik probability sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan antara persepsi kerentanan (p-value = 0,045), keseriusan (p-value = 0,033), manfaat (p-value = 0,045) dengan perilaku pencegahan penularan TB paru. Sedangkan untuk variabel persepsi hambatan tidak memiliki hubungan dengan perilaku preventif. Diharapkan bahwa sosialisasi dan konseling akan lebih intensif untuk pasien dengan TB paru dan di samping pasien dengan TB paru dapat mencegah penularan TB paru.
Flies is one type of Arthropod insect as a vector and carrier of disease. Control of flies by using chemical insecticides continuously results in resistance to flies and can pollute the environment. Another alternative that can be used is a plant insecticide that is derived from breadfruit leaf plants. Phytochemical results of breadfruit leaves have 1.88% Flavonoids, Saponins 2.26%, and Tanins 1.05%. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of breadfruit leaf filtrate as a bioinsecticide of house flies (Musca domestica).This type of research uses pure experiments with a post test only control group design with a concentration of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, control and 5 replications. The number of house flies used was 375. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test.The results showed p 0.05 which means that there were differences in the average death of house flies by using various concentrations of each treatment. Probit test obtained Lethal Concentration (LC50) results at the first hour ie at a concentration of 5.189%, the 12th hour at a concentration of 3.930% and the 24th hour showed a concentration of 3.086%.Suggestions for other researchers can do the same research by comparing with other plants that contain active compounds that have the potential to kill house flies (Musca domestica). Other plants that have higher active compound content can be used as a recommendation for bio-degradable plant-based insecticides.
Objective: Aedes aegypti is the vector responsible for the transmission of dengue fever, and it is a cosmotropical species that proliferates in the water stagnant areas near the houses.Therefore, it is necessary to find new bioinsectiside which is expected to have larvacidal effects. The aims of this study are to evaluate extracts of Pinus merkusii tree bark for efficacy against Aedes aegypti larvae. Methods: This experiment using a completely randomized design with 8 treatment groups. Each group contained five times repetition using 20 third instar larvae of Aedes aegypti with concentrations of Pinus merkusii tree bark extract are 0, 10, 20, 40. 80, 160, 320, 640 ppm. Larval mortality was observed for 24 h and LC50 was analyzed using Probit analysis. Results: Ethanol extract of Pinus merkusii tree bark extract showed highest larval mortality against the larvae of Aedes aegypti with LC50 = 96.3 ppm; LC90 = 298.4 ppm after 12 h, and LC50 = 58.4 ppm; LC90 = 125.7 ppm after 24 h. Conclusion: These findings suggest that extracts from Pinus merkusii tree bark have larvacidal effect that can be exploited in development of new bioinsecticides. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
Disposable hand-washing soap (CTPS) is used to reduce the microorganisms with the techniques of flow of clean water into the palm of the hand using soap. CTPS serves to eliminate/reduce microorganism that attaches on both hands to prevent diarrheal diseases, cholera, intestinal worms, and hepatitis a. Data obtained from clinics in 2016 of 1095 and in 2017 of 1374 it these show that there is a growing number of diarrhea sufferers. The results of a survey conducted to 10 students who were given a questionnaire there are 4 students who learned of the CTPS. The purpose of this research is to know the difference between video media with leaflets about the level of knowledge of students for the CTPS SD class IV and class V.The type of this research is research pre experimental research design with one group pretest posttest design. The sample in this research as much as 72 students, while for sampling techniques is Proportional Stratified Random Sampling. Data collection procedure that is done to find out the level of knowledge of students using a questionnaire. Furthermore the data that has been collected is analyzed with statistical tests is Exact Fisher.The results of the measurement of the level of knowledge of students before intervention in either category of 27.78% (10 students). Whereas after intervention by using video media of 58.33% (21 students). And media use leaflet before intervention by 25% and after the intervention of 83.33% in both categories. Fisher's exact test results obtained results of 0.034 < 0.05. So there is a difference in the use of video media with leaflets for the student's level of knowledge regarding the CTPS (P < 0.05). It is recommended students can obtain information about CTPS from multiple sources and get learning material with media leaflets. Keywords: CTPS, Media, Level of Knowledge
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