UJI AKTIVITAS FAGOSITOSIS MAKROFAG EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SUJI (Dracaena angustifolia (Medik.)Roxb. ) SECARA IN VITRONestri Handayani 1,2*), Subagus Wahyuono2), Triana Hertiani2), Retno Murwanti2)1)Program Studi Farmasi, FMIPA, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta2)Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta*Email : nestri.uns@gmail.com ABSTRACT Immunomodulatory activity has been carried out on ethanol extract of suji leaf (Dracaena angustifolia (Medik.) Roxb with in vitro macrofag phagocytosis method. . Suji is a plant that is often used as a food coloring and has long been used medicinally. This study aimed to test in vitro macrophage phagocytosis on ethanol extract of suji leaf. The suji leaves are extracted by maceration method. The obtained viscous extract was then tested for Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and in vitro macrophage phagocytosis test. The parameters used are Phagocytosis Index and Macrophage Capacity. The results of in vitro macrophage phagocytosis test with 4 concentrations of 10.25,50 and 100 microgram / ml, showed for the largest average Fagocytosis (IF) Index shown at concentration 10 mcg / ml, while concentrations 25 and 50 mcg / ml showed values The same phagocytic (KF) capacity. Keywords : Suji leaf, Phagocytic Macrophage Activity, ethanolic extract ABSTRAKUji aktivitas imunomodulator telah dilakukan terhadap ekstrak etanol daun suji (Dracaena angustifolia (Medik.)Roxb.. Suji merupakan tanaman yang sering digunakan sebagai pewarna makanan dan telah lama digunakan untuk obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan uji fagositosis makrofag in vitro terhadap ekstrak etanol daun suji. Daun suji diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi. Ekstrak kental yang diperoleh kemudian dilakukan uji Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) dan uji fagositosis makrofag in vitro. Parameter yang digunakan adalah Indeks fagositosis dan Kapasitas makrofag. Hasil uji fagositosis makrofag in vitro dengan 4 konsentrasi sebesar 10,25,50 dan 100 mikrogram/ml, menunjukkan untuk Indeks Fagositosis (IF) rata-rata terbesar ditunjukkan pada konsentrasi 10 mcg/ml, sedangkan konsentrasi 25 dan 50 mcg/ml menunjukkan nilai Kapasitas Fagositosis (KF) yang sama besar. Kata kunci : Daun suji, fagositosis makrofag, ekstrak etanol
Mardiana RN, Handayani N. 2016. Antibacterial activity of the sambiloto leaf extracts (Andrographis paniculata) to Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biofarmasi 14: 19-24. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of sambiloto ( Andrographis paniculata Nees. ) extract against bacterial Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Some research had proven sambiloto leaf extract evident had antibacterial activity to bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. The sample of sambiloto leaf was macerated using 70% ethanol, and the extract was concentrated using rotary evaporator. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by diffusion method. Antibacterial potency of the extract was compared with by Amoxicillin made default curve among logarithm concentrates to constraining diameter (mm), then accounted by its equivalence point. Ethanol extract of sambiloto leaf had antibacterial activity to B. cereus and P. aeruginosa. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 12,5% against B. cereus and P. aeruginosa. The potential antibacterial activity of sambiloto leaf extract was 0,2% for B. cereus and 0.3% for P. aeruginosa; as compared with Amoxicillin. This, potential antibacterial activity of sambiloto leaf extract to the two tested bacteria was much smaller than that of Amoxicillin synthetic antibiotic.
Carbon-encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles are promising candidate materials for drug-delivery applications. However, due to their hydrophobic and aggregation properties, which indicate lower biocompatibility, proper surface modification of the carbon-based material is required. In the present study, we present the facile route to producing biocompatible magnetic nanocomposite iron oxide/carbon using the liquid medium arc-discharge method. The medium used was ethanol 50% with urea added in various concentrations. Using x-ray diffraction (XRD), the nanocomposite produced was confirmed to have a crystalline structure with distinctive peaks representing iron oxide, graphite, and urea. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of the nanocomposite produced in ethanol/acetic acid or ethanol/urea medium shows several vibrations, including Fe–O, C–H, C–O, C=C, C–H, O–H, and C–N, which are intended to be the attached aromatic oxygen- and amine-containing functional groups. The nanocomposite particle was observed to have a core–shell structure that had an iron-compound core coated in a carbon shell possibly modified by polymeric urea groups. The presence of these groups suggested that the nanocomposite would be biocompatible with biological entities in the living body. Lastly, the prepared nanocomposite Fe3O4/C-urea underwent an in-vivo acute toxicity assay to confirm its toxicity. The highest dose of 2000 mg kg−1 BW in this study caused no deaths in the test animals even though cell damages were observed, especially in the liver. This highest dose is considered a maximum tolerable dose and is defined as practically non-toxic.
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