Traffic accident detection is an important strategy governments can use to implement policies intended to reduce accidents. They usually use techniques such as image processing, RFID devices, among others. Social network mining has emerged as a low-cost alternative. However, social networks come with several challenges such as informal language and misspellings. This paper proposes a method to extract traffic accident data from Twitter in Spanish. The method consists of four phases. The first phase establishes the data collection mechanisms. The second consists of vectorially representing the messages and classifying them as accidents or non-accidents. The third phase uses named entity recognition techniques to detect the location. In the fourth phase, locations pass through a geocoder that returns their geographic coordinates. This method was applied to Bogota city and the data on Twitter were compared with the official traffic information source; comparisons showed some influence of Twitter on the commercial and industrial area of the city. The results reveal how effective the information on accidents reported on Twitter can be. It should therefore be considered as a source of information that may complement existing detection methods.
El lenguaje de señas brinda un sistema para que las personas con discapacidad oral/auditiva se comuniquen efectivamente. Sin embargo, aún falta para que el resto de la sociedad se apropie de este conocimiento. Este trabajo consiste en diseñar un método de visión artificial que identifique las señas estáticas del abecedario de la Lengua de Señas Colombiana (LSC). La metodología consiste en un algoritmo de clasificación que combina una arquitectura de Redes Neuronales Convolucionales (CNN) y técnicas de procesamiento de imágenes. Nuestro enfoque logra reconocer las señas del alfabeto sin movimiento con un 79.2% de exactitud. El sistema es capaz de reconocer las letras según la forma, orientación y posición de los dedos de la mano, usando un conjunto de datos desbalanceado por clase.
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