This research was carried out to determine the effects of agronomic practices on the mineral composition of organically-grown wheat species. In terms of all nutrients evaluated, the mineral content of wheat showed signi cant differences according to crop years, varieties, weed control methods and fertilizer sources.
ÖZET Bu çalışmada, Erzurum kentinde yayılış gösteren Elaeagnus angustifolia L. bitkisinin yaprak örnekleri kullanılarak kent mekânında ağır metallerin (Pb, Cd, Ni, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn ) yoğunlukları tespit edilmiştir. Bu elementlerin kent dokusundaki mekânsal dağılımlarına yönelik sayısal haritalar üretilerek değerlendirmeler yapılmış, elde edilen bilgilerin ışığında Elaeagnus angustifolia L. bitkisinin elementler bazında biyomonitör olarak kullanılıp kullanılamayacağı değerlendirilerek bazı öneriler geliştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda kent genelinde özellikle trafik yoğunluğunun fazla olduğu ana ulaşım yolları, orta refüjler ve yola yakın olan (0-20 m.) alanlarda, kent dokusunu temsil eden 4 istasyonda yaprak örnekleri toplanmıştır. Ölçüm değerlerinin istatistiksel farklılıkları ANOVA testi ile belirlenmiştir. Sonuçta, Elaeagnus angustifolia L.'nin yapraklarında biriken ağır metal elementlerinin mekânsal dağılımında Fe (100-275 ppm) ve Zn (37.5-82.5 ppm) Şehir merkezinde, Pb (0.16-12.66 ppm), Ni (4.29-13.21 ppm) ve Mn (244.5-278.7 ppm) Yenişehir/Yıldızkent'de, Cd (0.05-0.62 ppm) ve Cu (9.9-47,6 ppm) Dadaşkent'de en yoğun dağılıma sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ni, Fe, Mn, Cu ve Zn elementleri için Elaeagnus angustifolia L. bitkisinin iyi bir biyomonitör olabileceği tespit edilmiştir.ABSTRACT In this study, densities of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Ni, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn) were determined by using leaf samples of the plant of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. in the Erzurum urban areas where the plant was well spread. Numerical maps for spatial distribution of these elements in the urban fabric were produced and evaluated. Based on the information obtained, some suggestions were developed by evaluating whether the plant Elaeagnus angustifolia can be used as biomonitor on the basis of elements. In this context, samples were collected at 4 stations representing the city texture which were the main transportation routes, central refuge and areas close to roads (0-20 m) with especially high traffic density throughout the city. ANOVA were applied to see statistical differences among obtained data variables. As a result, the spatial distribution of heavy metal elements in urban texture of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. was found to have the most intense distribution in the city center for Fe (100-275 ppm) and Zn (37.5-82.5 ppm), in Yenişehir-Yıldızkent for Pb (0.16-12.66 ppm), Ni (4.29-13.21 ppm) and Mn (244.5-278.7 ppm), in Dadaşkent for Cd (0.05-0.62 ppm) and Cu (9.9-47,6 ppm). It was determined that Elaeagnus angustifolia L. plant can be a good biomonitor for the presence of Ni, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn elements.
In this research, heavy metal contamination of both soil and plant samples collected from 11 different locations where Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris) was grown on was determined. The soil and plant samples were obtained both during January and August 2008 year and then heavy metal contents were analyzed in the labarotory. Heavy metal contens of plant and soil samples were compared by using standard values. The results showed that there were statistical differences among all elements considering both locations and sampling points. The soils sampled from 11 different locations analysed and the results indicated that some heavy metals were over critical levels. Fe and Cu in 100.yıl park, Cu in all 11 locations and Zn in 100. yıl park, Yenişehir and Havuzbaşı ıntersection were over critical level. On the other hand, Pb, Cd and Ni were within the normal limits in all sampling areas. In plant samples, Fe and Cu in all the sampling areas during both January and August, Cu during January and August only in the Migros ıntersection and Station ıntersection , Mn in January in all the locations, Zn in January in between Havuz Basi and Universite Roundabout were found over the limit value. Pb was found higher over the limit values in Havuzbaşı ıntersection, Tebrizkapı ıntersection, Migros ıntersection and Kayak road in January. Ni found over the limit value in Gez ıntersection, Yenisehir ıntersection and Kayak road ıntersection during January.
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