Higher IGT prevalence in PCOS patients might be related to maternal obesity and excess gestational weight gain and does not affect perinatal outcome.

No abstract

Various hormonal parameters and the best logistic regression model to predict disease probability were evaluated in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Concentrations of LH, FSH, LH/FSH ratio, testosterone, free testosterone, SHBG and insulin in serum were recorded in 32 women with PCOS and in 25 controls. A model including LH/FSH ratio, insulin and testosterone measurements yielded the best goodness of fit for classification of women with and without PCOS in the logistic regression analysis. Only LH/FSH ratio and insulin were retained as significant variables. The diagnostic characteristics of LH/FSH ratio and insulin for PCOS when compared by receiver-operator characteristic analysis were found to be equally effective. By combining these two variables a higher area under curve was obtained. LH/FSH ratio, insulin or the combination of these two can predict the disease probability in women with PCOS.

Colposcopically-directed biopsies of the cervix are indicated even when inflammatory cellular changes without atypia persist despite therapy.

No abstract

Being one of the most performed invasive techniques for prenatal diagnose, second-trimester genetic amniocentesis is a reliable and safe method. Although the size of this study is limited, our complication rates are similar to the related literature.

Objective: We sought to determine the importance of postmenopausal endometrial fluid collection, which has almost invariably been accepted as a finding of a malignant process. Methods: Out of 1,500 postmenopausal patients admitted to our center mainly for their postmenopausal symptoms, endometrial fluid collection was detected in 15 cases during transvaginal pelvic ultrasonographic evaluations. These patients were evaluated with cervical smears as well as endocervical and endometrial curretages. The fluid collections were aspirated and measured. Results: The mean age and mean menopausal age were 51.7 ± 1.3 and 5.7 ± 9.8 years, respectively. Six of the patients were already on hormone replacement therapy. Nine were asymptomatic and the others had vaginal discharge and pelvic pain. Ten patients had normal findings on pelvic examination, and in the others benign cervical polyps, previous cervical amputation, cervical erosion, and nabothian cysts were detected. The volume of the directly measured fluid was 7.9 ± 4.0 cm3. The cervical smears, the cytological examinations of the fluids, the colposcopic examinations and the endocervical curretages were negative, and the histopathological evaluation of the endometrial curretage specimens revealed no premalignant or malignant disease, but blood and fibrin in 1 patient, inactive endometria in 9 patients, proliferative endometria in 4 patients and senile cystic atrophy in 1 patient. Conclusion: Although there was no malignancy in our series, the conflicting results of the limited number of studies made us cautious and we still consider that postmenopausal patients with endometrial fluid collection may be at risk for gynecologic cancers and that every effort should be made in order to rule out such a condition.

The parameters that could be responsible for or could be the end results of the premature ovarian failure were evaluated in 100 patients and compared with the same parameters of a control group consisting of 30 ovulatory healthy women with regular menstrual cycles. The incidence of premature ovarian failure was 6.6%. The mean age of the premature ovarian failure group was 39.2 +/- 4.1 years (range 30-58) whereas this was 45.6 +/- 3.1 years (range 39-52) for the control group. The mean menopausal age was 4.0 +/- 4.3 years (range 1-30). The prevalence of being a widow, divorcee or single was high in the premature ovarian failure group (p < 0.01). Of the hormonal and metabolic parameters, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels showed significant differences between the two groups (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) and of the parameters reflecting bone metabolism, alkaline phosphatase levels showed a significant difference (p < 0.05). The bone mineral densitometric measurement values were lower in the premature ovarian failure group (p < 0.05). Because premature ovarian failure is not a rare disorder and because the patients have an early estrogen deficiency we concluded that, whatever the etiologic factor, hormone replacement therapy needs to be given as early as possible.