Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a motor neuron disease caused by loss of function of spinal cord and brain stem nerve cells. Loss of function in nerve cells leads to weakness and explosion (atrophy) in the muscles. The outcome of the weakness in the muscles needs the help of someone. Despite the limitations of the movement, studies on methods of increasing the daily quality of life ALS patients are continuing. Electrooculogram (EOG) signals were taken from an instrumentation amplifier with 48dB gain and 107dB CMMR ratio. A 16Hz Low Pass Filter and a 50Hz Notch Filter were used to increase the signal to noise ratio. EOG signals are digitized with 10bit resolution ADC and applied to ATmega328 microcontroller. So, the software of microcontroller determines the horizontal and vertical movements of the eye. In this way, the interactive PC software was controlled by the EOG signals. EOG-based interactive software which was developed using the C # programming language has provided to patients' daily requirements, social media accounts etc. The system has been tested on healthy subjects and it has been seen that people can control the software by eye movements. As a result, system will be useful not only for ALS patients, but also for permanent or partially bedridden patient (MS, Hemiplegia, etc.) groups. And also, while the quality of life in the patients' own habitats is being raised, they will also be able to benefit from health services within the scope of home health services.
Realization of humancomputer interaction interface for EMDR treatment The effect of auditory stimuli on attention and meditation Determination of optimum parameters of visual and auditory stimuli n the adaptive data processing model, the brain makes the information that reaches it a physiological-based system functional. Eye movements, desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), which are used in the treatment of post-traumatic diseases, are physiological based therapies that allow the treatment of isolated memories. The aim of the study is to perform active EMDR software for people who have difficulty in systematically moving eye movements and to determine the contribution of visual and auditory stimuli used during treatment to the patient's attention and meditation during the treatment process. Focus and meditation data were obtained from 10 different volunteers with Neurosky device to determine the effectiveness of the system performed and the optimum parameters of visual / auditory parameters. Visual stimulus focusing on the left circle and the stimulus type that changed the meditation most were determined. During the right left eye movements, it was determined that giving different frequency auditory stimuli to the subjects did not affect the meditation of the subjects and could increase or decrease the focus. Figure A. The experimental setup Purpose: The aim of the study is to perform active EMDR software for the people who have difficulty in moving the eye movements systematically and to determine the contribution of the visual and auditory stimuli used during the treatment to the patient's attention and meditation during the treatment process. Theory and Methods: The emergence of the EMDR technique is based on the personal experience of Francine Shapiro. Dr. Shapiro noticed that his thoughts, which were uncomfortable to him as he walked in the park, were suddenly lost, and that the disturbing thought was not as disturbing as it once was. When he explored this experience, he realized that he had moved his eyes to the right, left, up and down. Then, by making these eye movements, he experienced a successful re-experiencing the ridiculous thoughts in and of himself and his close circle. A quantitative measurement system is needed to determine the effectiveness of the active EMDR device used during the treatment. between 0% and 100% are converted to attention and meditation data. The left-handed visual movement, up-down visual movement, right-hand circle and left-hand visual movement buttons are required to follow by the percent of people. In addition, the frequency values that the user (therapist) has set for the audible stimuli can be entered in the program. Results: The direction of movement of the visual stimuli has been found to change the focus of individuals and the process of meditation. The maximum effect in the visual stimulus was obtained during the counterclockwise monitoring of the stimulus. Meditation data increased 14.72% and increased by 6.5%. In contrast to the visual stimuli of the audito...
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that results in the loss of function of dopamine-producing brain cells. Primer designation of PD; is seen as tremor in the upper and lower limbs in 70% of the patients, and as in slowing and stiffness in the movement in 30% of them. Archimedes spiral technique is a clinical test method developed for examining PD motor disorders. The reliability and validity of the spiral test drawing technique was statistically proven by comparing it with the Unified Predictive Rating Scale (UPDRS). In this study, it was aimed to construct a static spiral test and a dynamic spiral test drawings, to extract the characteristics using the signal processing techniques and to identify the Parkinson's disease using the artificial neural network model. In the classification of the disease, only SST and ANN using only DST and f score ratio in the classification were found to be 0.95 and 0.92, respectively. When SST and DST methods were evaluated together, ANN classification success was found to be 0.99. For this reason, it was found that SST and DST methods were more successful in the classification of the disease than the classification using SST and DST alone. Using the combination of SST and DST data as a result of the study, PD was classified with artificial intelligence techniques with an accuracy of 98.6% and a score of 0.99 f.
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