Purpose Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and its receptor play a major role in the development of follicles and regulation of steroidogenesis in the ovary and spermatogenesis in the testis. We aim to analyze the role of FSHR gene variants (single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exon 10 (codon 307 and 680) and in the core promoter region (at position −29) and Ala189Val inactivating mutation) in Turkish infertile women. There were studies analyzing the effects of the SNPs in exon 10 (codon 307 and 680) and in the core promoter region (at position −29) of the FSHR gene on spermatogenesis, but to our knowledge, there were no studies analyzing the effects of these three SNP combinations on female fertility. Methods In this study, the allelic, genotype, and haplotype frequency distributions of these three SNPs in the FSHR gene were analyzed in 102 infertile women and 99 unrelated healthy control individuals. The distribution of the polymorphisms was conformed by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test. Results There were no statistical differences (P>0.05) in the allele, genotype, and haplotype frequencies of the polymorphisms and FSH, luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), and prolactin (PRL) levels between the infertile patients and the controls. However, a significant relation was found between 307 SNP GA genotype and FSH level ≥12. We did not find any homozygous or heterozygote mutations in infertile patients and healthy fertile controls. Conclusion The present study was the first study analyzing gma mutation and the polymorphism of the FSHR core promoter at position −29 alone and in combination with the two common SNPs in exon 10 in Turkish infertile women population. These findings indicate the significance of Ala307Thr GA genotype may be a predictive marker for poor ovarian reserve and infertility.
AIM: Kisspeptin is a reproductive peptide hormone that has anti-metastatic roles in several cancer types including colon, lung, and brain cancer. However, in breast cancer, increasing of kisspeptin expression induces aggressiveness of tumors, which in turn exacerbates breast cancer prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Breast cancer cell lines MCF7 and SKBR3 were cultured in MEM (phenol red free) containing 10 % fetal bovine. Treatments were performed, at 70 % confl uency, after 24-hour serum deprivation in serum free medium for 6, 24 and 48 hours. Aromatase (CYP19A1) and kisspeptin receptor (GPR54) mRNA expression were determined by real time Taqman Assay. RESULT: Kisspeptin induced aromatase (CYP19A1) and kisspeptin receptor (GPR54) mRNA expression, while this induction was abolished by kisspeptin receptor inhibitor in MCF7 cells. In SKBR3 cells, however, even though there was an increase in GPR54 mRNA expression with kisspeptin, the induction of CYP19A1 was not observed. CONCLUSION: The inducing effect of kisspeptin on aromatase expression is possibly mediated via kisspeptin receptor and estrogen receptor dependent mechanisms (Fig. 5, Ref. 27).
ÖzPurpose: Here we cytogenetically investigated the chromosomal rearrangements in repeated cultures of six different cell lines over continuous passages. Materials and Methods: MCF7, HCT116, A549, SHSY5Y, HEPG2, and NIH3T3 cell lines were cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS and 1% penicillinstreptomycin. GTG banding procedure was used for the analysis of metaphase chromosomes, at least 20 metaphases were analyzed per cell line. Results: We found chromosome number variations and structural changes in the all examined cell cultures as the passage numbers increase. Conclusion: Cell lines have long been used in research to test drugs, to delineate molecular mechanisms, to understand the environmental effects and so on. The most important feature of a cell line is its genotype and karyotype similarities with their host organism. Cancer Cell lines, possess genomic/chromosomal instability that also lead them to change their phenotype along with their karyotype from one passage to next. Therefore, it is always best to verify karyotype before employing a specific cell line in a research project.Amaç: İ Burada sitogenetik olarak, altı farklı hücre hattının tekrarlanan hücre kültürlerinde yeni kromozomal düzenlenmeleri araştırdık. Gereç ve Yöntem: MCF7, HCT116, A549, SHSY5Y, HEPG2 ve NIH3T3 hücre hatları, %10 FBS ve %1 penisilin-streptomisin içeren DMEM besiyerinde kültüre edildi. Metafaz kromozomlarının analizi için GTG bantlama prosedürü kullanıldı ve en az 20 metafaz analiz edildi. Bulgular: İncelenen hücre kültürlerinde pasaj sayısı artışıyla kromozom sayı varyasyonları ve yapısal değişiklikler tespit ettik. Sonuç: İlaçları test etmek, moleküler mekanizmaları tanımlamak, çevresel etkileri anlamak için hücre hatları uzun süredir araştırmalarda kullanılmaktadır. Bir hücre dizisinin en önemli özelliği, konak organizmasıyla olan genotip ve karyotip benzerlikleridir. Kanser Hücresi soyları, genomik/kromozomal dengesizliğe sahiptir ve bu da her pasajda fenotip değişimi ile birlikte karyotip değişimine neden olabilmaktedir. Bu nedenle, hücre kültürlerinin kullanılacağı bir araştırma projesine başlamadan muhakkak kullanılan hücre hattının karyotipini doğrulamak gerekmektedir.
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