The appearance of new trends and models of tourism consumption has allowed the proliferation of rural tourist facilities in northern Extremadura. This article analyzes the economic, social, and heritage (natural and cultural) variables to relate them to the tourism offer and demand in these areas. The present study used geostatistical techniques such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and their spatial location through Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to determine the distribution and degree of incidence of these variables in the territories. The results obtained confirm the existence of imbalances in the tourism sector, which made it possible to determine which tourist territories have implemented the best lines of action to receive visitors, increase economic income, and preserve the population in rural areas with deficiencies in their tourism development.
At the end of the 20th century, tourism was positioned as an activity capable of diversifying and reactivating the economies of rural European areas, which were experiencing problems of demographic regression and a high rate of ageing. Subsequently, with the emergence and promotion of new models of tourism consumption, the provision of rural tourism facilities has increased, as is the case in the north of Extremadura. This study analyzes, through the use of a descriptive and analytical method, the distribution of the demographic, socioeconomic and heritage variables existing in the tourist territory of the Valle del Jerte-La Vera region in order to interrelate them with the tourist supply and demand in this area. The results allow us to observe that Valle del Jerte-La Vera is promoting tourist activities, with the promotion and implementation of better lines of action for the reception of travelers, in such a way that they favor the increase in the economic income, and these factors are capable to maintain the existing population, thus facilitating the development of rural areas.
La pandemia provocada por la COVID-19 es una crisis sanitaria que ha ocasionado un gran impacto en el sector turístico a nivel mundial. A mediados del mes de marzo de 2020, en España se paralizó toda la actividad turística, restringiendo la demanda de bienes y servicios relacionados con el turismo con medidas como el cierre de fronteras, la restricción de la movilidad no esencial y el confinamiento domiciliario. Este artículo analiza el impacto de la pandemia en el sector turístico de cada una de las Comunidades Autónomas españolas, cómo ha afectado esta crisis sanitaria en la recepción de viajeros y, como consecuencia, en el número de pernoctaciones de estos, además de poder conocer qué tipo de alojamiento (hoteleros, extrahoteleros y rurales) ha visto mermada más su demanda turística. Los resultados obtenidos confirman los efectos negativos que ha sufrido la actividad turística debido a la pandemia y la incidencia de esta en cada Comunidad Autónoma que ha acentuado los desequilibrios existentes en el sector turístico provocando un punto de inflexión antes y después de esta crisis sanitaria.
Since the middle of the last century, the Spanish tourism sector has experienced significant growth, which was interrupted by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. This situation had a considerable impact on Spain, as the country is a leading world tourism destination and relies heavily on this sector in its economy, making it vulnerable when demand for tourism services declines. The tourism model in Spain is not homogeneous, and the Mediterranean coastal regions and island areas are highly dependent on tourism as a main source of economic income and were particularly affected by the consequences of the pandemic. This study analyzes the impact of the pandemic on the tourism sector in each Spanish autonomous community, focusing on tourism demand through the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The results reveal the disparity and vulnerability of Spanish regions to the tourism crisis. The most tourist-dependent areas dependent on international tourism have experienced a decline due to restrictions and a fall in demand. On the other hand, rural regions that depend mainly on national tourism have suffered fewer effects.
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