The efficiency of copper oxide nanoparticles synthesized from aqueous extract of cordia myxa L. on some breast cancer lines AMJ-13,MCF-7, and HBL-100 as normal cell lines was studied. Different concentration of copper oxide nanoparticles (25,50,75,100) µg/ml at different times (24,48 and72) h were selected. The results showed that the effect of nanoparticles depend on the concentration. As the concentration of nanoparticles increase the percent of inhibition increase. It was found that concentration of copper oxide nanoparticles at 100 μg / ml gave the highest inhibitory rate of cell growth MCF-7 (71.1%) after 24 hours, while the percent of inhibition for AMJ-13 was (69.6)%. When the exposure time was increased to48 h, the rate of inhibition at 100 mg/ml was 80% for MCF-7 while 73% for AMJ13. By increasing the duration of the exposure to 72 hours, the rate of inhibition at l00µg/ml were (85.2 and 78.2)for MCF-7 and AMJ13 respectively. No significant inhibition was found for HBL-100 at different concentration and different times. These results was indicated that copper oxide nanoparticles synthesized from the aqueous extract of cordia myxa L. had a toxic effect on growth of some breast cancer cell lines.
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) were green synthesized using aqueous extract of Cordia myxa L. leaves as reducing and capping agent. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometer, FTIR, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope. The prepared copper oxide nanoparticles showed surface plasmon resonance centered at 400 nm. The optimized condition for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles revealed that the aqueous extract of Cordia myxa L. leaves:copper sulfate ratio was 1:3, pH was 9 and copper sulfate concentration was 40 mM. FTIR results showed that stabilization and formation of CuONPs were due to phenolic groups and amines in plant extract. The XRD pattern showed that the particles are monoclinic in nature. The crystalline morphology and size of the nanoparticles were determined by scanning electron microscope. Presence of elemental copper was revealed by EDX analysis. Size range was from 20 to 106.81 nm was determined by atomic force microscope.
In this study, gold nanoparticles were synthesized in a single step biosynthetic method using aqueous leaves extract of thymus vulgaris L. It acts as a reducing and capping agent. The characterizations of nanoparticles were carried out using UV-Visible spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and FTIR. The surface plasmon resonance of the as-prepared gold nanoparticles (GNPs) showed the surface plasmon resonance centered at 550[Formula: see text]nm. The XRD pattern showed that the strong four intense peaks indicated the crystalline nature and the face centered cubic structure of the gold nanoparticles. The average crystallite size of the AuNPs was 14.93[Formula: see text]nm. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) was used to study the morphology of the AuNPs. AuNPs exhibited a spherical shape with diameters ranging 13–53[Formula: see text]nm. The synthesized stable gold nanoparticles showed more significant anticancer activity against MCF-7 and CAL-51 cells after 48[Formula: see text]h.
There has been a rapid increase in the number of computed tomography (CT) scans which utilized for the purpose of disease diagnosis. The radiation exposure can increase the probability of developing different type of cancers. This prospective study was carried out in the Computed Tomography Unit of Al-Imamain Al-Kadhimain Medical City and Al-yarmok teaching hospital in Baghdad Iraq in the period from 1 January to 31 October2018. About 3,758 adult patients (1743 male and 2015 female) with their age ranging from (10-79) who received a CT scan for different site of the body participate in this study. The main results obtained showing that the CT radiation correlated with the age and sex of the patient, with higher risks be expected of thyroid cancer among patients who were younger and female.
Thirty two females with breast cancer were studied .in this study xanthine oxidase levels were compared with normal females .Results obtained in the present study showed that high levels of xanthine oxidase in older age than in lower age . High level of xanthine oxidase was detected in patients having breast cancer and Diabetes Meilltus ,heart diseases, and anemia ,but no change in xanyhine oxidase was detected in breast cancer with hyperytension . key words: xanthine oxidase ,breast cancer.Breast cancer is a type of cancer originating from breast tissues, most commonly from the inner lining of milk ducts or the lobules that supply the ducts with milk(1).The size, stage, rate of growth and other characteristic determine the kind of treatment (2.) Breast cancer may be invasive or noninvasive. Invasive means it has spread from the milk duct or lobule to other tissues in the breast. Noninvasive means it has not yet invaded other breast tissue(3). Xanthine oxidase (XO) is the final enzyme in the degradation of purines. It converts hypoxanthine to xanthine and subsequently to uric acid. Unlike other oxidases. lmmunohistochemical location of XO has been reported its presence in various tissues from various animal species( 4) .Other researcher demonstrated the ubiquitous localization of this cytosolic enzyme in human tissues, such as tongue,esophagus, trachea, sweat glands, mammary glands, small and large intestine, renal tubules skeletal muscle, lung, spleen and liver. It was found that human blood or serum contains XO activity, since high concentration of XO antibodies are present in human sera (5).XO may play a beneficial role by producing superoxide radicals (6). Previous studies suggested a role of XO as an antimicrobial agent (7).. Moreover, it was reported that uric acid, in its normal range,serve as an antioxidant. Therefore, XO serves as a defense mechanism by generating uric acid as well(6).This study was conducted in Iraqi center for cancer research and medical genetic. Thirty two With age range 40-73 years, had breast cancer diagnosed by history, clinical and laboratory findings, and twenty controls with range age 30-75 years old, had no evidence of diseases of diseases. Blood was collected from a forearm vein.Blood samples were allowed to clot at room temperature and serum was separated by centerfugation at 1500g for 10 min. Xanthine Oxidase Assay: Xanthine Oxidase(XO,EC 1.17.3.2). In this assay XO oxidizes xanthine to hydrogen peroxide which reacts with stoichiometrically with OxiRedTM probe to generate color( at lambda=570nm).Since the color intensity is proportional to XO cotent,the XO activity can be accurately measured. 1-Standard curve preparations: It has been added 0, 10, 20 , 30 , 40 , 50 ul of the 0.1mM H2O2 standard,to generate 0 ,1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ,5 nmol/ well H2O2 standard. 2- Sample preparation: 44 ul buffer , 2ul substrate, ,2 ul enzyme mix , 2ul probr. 3-It has been measured the plate immediately (O,D=570 nm) for colorimetric assay. 4 – XO activity = B/(T2-T1Xv) x Sample Dilution Factor = nmol / min/ml = mU/ml Where; B is the amount of H2O2 Generated by XO from standard curve(in nmol). T1 is the time of first reading(A1) (in min ) T2 is the time of second reading (A2)(in min) V is the pretreated sample volume added into the reaction well (in ml ).
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