Background:Tectal plate tumors have traditionally been considered low-grade, indolent lesions. We report a patient who presented with a tectal region glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a rare pathology in this anatomic location.Case Description:This is a case report of a 45-year-old female that presented with worsening confusion, memory loss, and loss of bladder control for 3 days. There was no family history of brain malignancy. The patient presented with Parinaud's phenomenon. Pronator drift was not present. The patient had dysarthric speech. An elevated white blood cell count was also noted. Non-contrast CT scan of the head showed the presence of a tectal region mass and hydrocephalus. A follow-up MRI with and without contrast confirmed the presence of a 4.2 × 3.3 × 4.6 cm3 mass. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) demonstrated an elevated choline/N-acetylaspartate ratio and an increase in lactate suggesting an aggressive neoplasm. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt was initially placed to relieve the hydrocephalus. The patient subsequently underwent a suboccipital craniotomy for debulking of tumor and for tissue diagnosis. Pathology of the lesion was consistent with GBM. The patient declined postoperative treatment with chemotherapy and radiation.Conclusion:Although tectal region masses are predominantly low-grade lesions, high-grade lesions can present in this anatomical location. Furthermore, MRS can help to differentiate benign lesions from more aggressive lesions in the tectal plate. Biopsy of tectal plate lesions should be considered in select cases to establish diagnosis and prognosis in order to optimize treatment.
21Background: Scabies is a frequent cutaneous infection caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei in a 22 large number of mammals including humans. As the resistance of S. scabiei against several 23 chemical acaricides has been previously documented, the establishment of alternative and 24 effective control molecules is required. 25 Objectives: In this study, the potential acaricidal activity of beauvericin was assessed against 26 different life stages of S. scabiei var. suis and, in comparison with dimpylate and ivermectin, two 27 commercially available molecules used for the treatment of S. scabiei infection in animals and/or 28 humans. 29 Methods: In our in vitro model, developmental stages of S. scabiei have been placed in Petri 30 dishes filled with Columbia agar supplemented with pig serum and different concentrations of 31 the drugs. Moreover, the toxicity of beauvericin against cultured human fibroblast skin cells was 32 evaluated using an MTT proliferation assay 33 Results: Beauvericin showed higher activity against adults and eggs of S. scabiei when 34 compared to dimpylate and ivermectin. In addition, cell sensitivity assays demonstrated low 35 toxicity of beauvericin against primary human fibroblast skin cells.36 Conclusion: These results revealed that the use of beauvericin is promising and might be 37 considered for the treatment of S. scabiei infection. 38 Leewan et al., 2010). Therefore, the development of new acaricides with new mode of action 54 against S. scabiei is required. 55 Many secondary metabolites produced by fungi have been used in medicine and agriculture. 7 56The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana is known to produce beauvericin, a secondary 57 metabolite belonging to the enniatin antibiotic family. 8 This cyclic hexadepsipeptide was proven 58 to have many biological effects including insecticidal, antitumor, antibacterial, and antifungal 59 activity. 9 Its mechanism of action is thought to be ionophore-induced apoptosis and DNA 60 fragmentation. 7 Recently, there is an ongoing interest for cyclic depsipeptide as topically applied 61 medicines, treating per example, psoriasis, eczema and skin cancer (Cruz et al., 2009). 62Accordingly, beauvericin could be considered as a potential new acaricide for the treatment of 63 human and animal scabies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of 64 beauvericin against the different life stages of S. scabiei. In addition, this study evaluated the 65 toxicity of beauvericin against cultured human fibroblast skin cells. 66 67 Materials and method 68 Ethics 69 All animals were maintained in strict accordance with good animal practices as defined by the 70 French and European code of practice for the care and use of animals for scientific purposes 71 (approval No. 02515.01). The biopsies were obtained after a written consent form was secured 72 from each individual according to an approved protocol by the Institution Review Board (IRB) at 73 the American University of Beirut (Protocol Number: DER.MK.01). The experime...
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