Background: The study of human-nature relationship has made possible to understand the life dynamics of the communities and the biodiversity with which they cohabit. Although there has been a rise of ethnobiological studies over the last decade, little is known about human interaction with herpetofauna in South America and Colombia. In this work, we analyzed the knowledge, perception, and interaction of a local community located in the forest reserve of Quininí (RFPCQ) in Cundinamarca (Colombia), concerning to the herpetofauna that inhabits the area. Methods: We performed semi-structured surveys containing 30 questions categorized into three groups: academic knowledge (1), use and cultural beliefs (2), and interactions (3) related to the herpetofauna that occurs in the region. The obtained data in question groups 1 and 2 are presented as a qualitative summary. For the question group 3, we assigned the answers to a hostility value according to the possible reaction of each individual interviewed in a hypothetical encounter with the herpetofauna and built tendency charts in order to see the positive or negative reactions due to the birthplace (urban/rural) and gender (male/female). Results: The community recognized the presence of amphibians and reptiles that cohabit their space, as well as their potential habitats. Besides, the role of herpetofauna was recognized in the magical/religious traditions for some inhabitants of the region, mainly associated with the fate and cure of chronic diseases. In general, the perception of amphibians and reptiles varied according to the origin and gender of the people, which tend to have a more positive perception of reptiles than compared to amphibians in most cases.(Continued on next page)
14 Background: The study of human-nature relationship has made possible to understand the life 15 dynamics of the communities and the biodiversity with which cohabits. Although ethnobiological 16 studies have been rise over the last decade, little is known about human interaction with herpetofauna 17in South America and in Colombia. In this work, we analyzed the knowledge, perception, and 18 interaction of a local community located in the forest reserve of Quininí (RFPCQ) in Cundinamarca 19 (Colombia), with respect to the herpetofauna that inhabits the area. 20Methods: We performed semi-structured surveys containing 30 questions categorized into three 21 groups: academic knowledge (1), use and cultural beliefs (2) and interaction and perception (3) related 22 to the herpetofauna that occurs in the region. For the obtained data in question groups 1 and 2, an 23 analysis and classification of the answers in percentages were made. For the question group 3, we 24 assigned the answers with a hostility value according to the possible reaction of each individual 25 interviewed in a hypothetical encounter with the herpetofauna, and performed a Multivariate Ordinal 26 2Logistic Regression test (MOLR), in order to know if the positive or negative reactions could be 27 predicted by demographic variables. 28Results: The community recognized the presence of amphibians and reptiles that cohabit their space, 29 as well as their potential habitats. In addition, the role of herpetofauna was recognized in the 30 magical/religious traditions for some inhabitants of the region, mainly associated with the fate and 31 cure of chronic diseases. In general, the perception of amphibians and reptiles varied according to the 32 origin and gender of the people, tend to have a more positive perception about reptiles than 33 amphibians in most cases. 34 Conclusions: Although there was a general lack of knowledge on the part of the inhabitants of the 35 RFPCQ about the biological and ecological aspects of herpetofauna, the population recognized the 36 basic information about the habitats of these animals within the area of the reserve. There is a wide 37 variety of uses of amphibians and reptiles in traditional medicine. Greater efforts should be made in 38 the transmission and dissemination of knowledge about the ecological functions of herpetofauna. 39 Background 41 Human communities have established a close relationship with the herpetofauna with which they 42 cohabit, based on the use and understanding of amphibians and reptiles [1,2]. Thereby, the 43 ethnoherpetology (as an integral part of ethnobiology) studies traditional knowledge between human-44 herpetofauna relationships, such as how a social group classifies and identifies different amphibians 45 and reptiles species and their traditional uses [3]. 46The Reserva Forestal Protectora Cerro Quininí (RFPCQ) forest reserve is a conservation area located 47 in Sumapaz province (Cundinamarca, Colombia), which is one of the most important biological 48 corridors not only for the region ...
Amphibians and reptiles are important indicators of ecosystem health, yet their populations are declining worldwide due to habitat loss and climate change. Agroecosystems, such as coffee plantations, can provide important habitat for these species. We conducted field surveys in the Sumapaz region of Colombia to identify the microclimatic variables that influence the diversity and abundance of herpetofauna in coffee crops. The canonical correspondence analysis revealed that leaf litter abundance, crop area, and age category were the most important structural variables for determining herpetofauna diversity. Our findings suggest that coffee plantations function similarly to secondary vegetation, and maintaining a thick layer of leaf litter is critical for establishing complex and structured animal communities. This study proposes a set of sustainable agricultural management principles to promote the existence of amphibians and reptiles in coffee crops. By adopting these practices, it is possible to prevent the decline in the population of amphibians and reptiles due to the expansion of the agricultural frontier, as seen in other coffee-growing regions. The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of how to balance agricultural production and biodiversity conservation in the context of agroecosystems.
El estudio de los servicios ecosistémicos (SE) en entornos urbanos ha tenido un gran crecimiento en los últimos años, debido a su relación con el bienestar de los ciudadanos y la manera en que estos perciben y valoran la naturaleza. En este estudio, se analizó la percepción de 674 personas pertenecientes a la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Bogotá sobre los servicios ecosistémicos urbanos (SEU) proporcionados por el campus, utilizando encuestas semiestructuradas. Las respuestas fueron comparadas a nivel de facultades y grupos de interés (estudiantes, docentes y personal administrativo), identificando espacialmente las áreas importantes en oferta de SEU. Se comparó la percepción de los encuestados entre dos escenarios: previo a ser informados sobre el concepto de los SEU (a priori) y posterior a esto (a posteriori). Un 77,23% de los entrevistados desconocía el término “servicio ecosistémico”; sin embargo, reconocen los beneficios de la naturaleza en su diario vivir. Los servicios culturales y de regulación recibieron las mayores valoraciones (principalmente recreación, salud física y mental, calidad del aire) asociados a las zonas verdes o arboladas dentro del campus. Se evidenciaron diferencias en la importancia de los servicios en relación con la facultad, y, en menor medida, de acuerdo con su tipo de vinculación. Finalmente, los encuestados reconocieron la importancia del campus universitario como proveedor de SEU en el entorno local y como parte de la matriz urbana bogotana, haciendo hincapié en los beneficios obtenidos de los espacios naturales al interior de la ciudad.
Las variaciones ontogenéticas en el cráneo ofrecen información del crecimiento y la ecología trófica en Crocodilia. Por lo tanto, analizamos las variaciones ontogenéticas de la forma y elementos óseos del cráneo en C. c. fuscus. Encontramos un efecto alométrico y cambios en la forma, ya que varía de un cráneo longirostrino en las crías a uno brevirostrino en subadultos y adultos. Se observó el ensanchamiento de la base del escamoso, del cuadratoyugal, del proceso lateral del pterigoides, del proceso retroarticular del articular y el desarrollo de una cresta dorsal en el surangular. Estos cambios, probablemente estarían relacionados con variaciones en la dieta durante la ontogenia, y tienen implicaciones ecológicas que deben ser consideradas en el estudio de la evolución y conservación de estas subespecies.
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