The purpose of this article is to show the dynamics, main goals and objectives of the establishment of military-political relations between Turkey and Azerbaijan. On the other hand, an attempt is made to present the Pan-Turkism manifestations of Turkish-Azerbaijani military-political cooperation, which became more obvious with the signing of the Shushi Declaration. The issue of the work is to present the process of development of military-political cooperation between Turkey and Azerbaijan and to consider it as a part of the integration programs of the Turkic world, the ideological basis of which is Pan-Turkism. From this point of view, parallels are drawn between the 1996 and 2010 military-political agreements and Shushi Declaration (actually agreement), which were signed between Turkey and Azerbaijan. This work is written by a combined examination of the facts, applying the principles of historical analysis and comparison. As a result of the study, it can be argued that the military-political cooperation established between Turkey and Azerbaijan is gradually becoming part of the Turkic integration program. The above-mentioned two military-political agreements represented military-political cooperation between the two countries, as a result of which Turkey managed to establish its full influence in Azerbaijan. But in the Shushi Declaration mentions about the Turkic world, in particular in the name of communications, an attempt is made to ensure the land connection between Turkey and Azerbaijan through the so-called "Zangezur'' corridor. The Shushi Declaration signed after the Second Artsakh War, in fact, plans harmonization of the two countries' actions in the spheres of military, security and foreign policy. On the other hand, Turkish-Azerbaijani cooperation is presented to Turkic countries as a successful attempt at integration.
In his article, “Three Ways of Policy”, Yusuf Akçura, one of the founders of the ideology of Pan-Turkism, summarizes the political discussions in Ottoman society in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In this article he analyzes the doctrines of Ottomanism, Pan-Islamism, and Pan-Turkism. The author argues that the doctrines of Ottomanism and Pan-Islamism have exhausted themselves and are failed policies for the Empire. Additionally, he expounds the effectiveness of the policy of Pan-Turkism and formulates its conceptual principles. The purpose of this article is to analyze the main doctrines presented in Akçura's famous work. The mainly focuses was on the ideology of Pan-Turkism and the author's observations connected with it. In this context, we have considered the idea of Turkic unity, which is still relevant today. He presents two important circumstances: first, he talks about other Turkic peoples and brings the ideas of Turkic unity to the political agenda. Second, Akçura understands earlier that the multiethnic Ottoman Empire must become a nation-state, which the author connects with Pan-Turkism. Akçura's Pan-Turkism ideas continue to be viable because even today the ideas of Turkic unity have an important place in Turkey's domestic and foreign policy agendas. Յուսուֆ Աքչուրան իր «Քաղաքականության երեք ձև» հոդվածով, որը լույս է տեսնում Կահիրեում հրատարակվող «Թյուրք» (Türk) թերթի 24-րդ, 26-րդ և 27-րդ համարներում, ամփոփում է 19-րդ դարի վերջին և 20-րդ դարի սկզբին օսմանյան հասարակության մեջ առկա քաղաքական քննարկումները և ըստ այդմ հանդիսանում է պանթյուրքիզմի գաղափարախոսության հիմնադիրներից: Այս հոդվածում նավերլուծում է օսմանիզմի, պանիսլամիզմի ու պանթյուրքիզմի վարդապետությունները: Հեղինակը հիմնավոր փաստարկներով ներկայացնում է, որ օսմանիզմի ու պանիսլամիզմի վարդապետությունները սպառել են իրենց և ըստ էության դրանք կայսրության համար ձախողված քաղաքականություններ են: Մյուս կողմից հիմնավորում է պանթյուրքիզմի քաղաքականության արդյունավետությունը և ձևակերպում է նրա հայեցակարգային սկզբունքները: Աքչուրայի մոտ մենք տեսնում ենք երկու կարևոր հանգամանք՝ նախ նա առաջինն էր, ով սկսեց խոսել թյուրքական մյուս ժողովուրդների մասին՝ առաջարկելով նրանց միավորելու տեսլականը: Այդպիսով նա փաստացի քաղաքական օրակարգ է բերում թյուրքական միասնության գաղափարները, միաժամանակ տալով պանթուրանիզմի (թյուրքական բոլոր ժողովուրդների միավորումը Բալկաններից մինչև Չինաստան «Թուրանի» սահմաններում) քաղաքական մեկնաբանությունը:
The main purpose of the research is to analyze the main document of Turkic integration, "Vision--2040", the directions of integration, Turkish President R. T. Erdogan's initiatives in the direction of Turkic integration and the approaches of Turkic republics. The Turkic integration process is a reality and it is a complete program which includes the political, economic, cultural, security spheres. The research is conducted using the historical analytical method. The research demonstrates that the key structure of Turkic integration is the Organization of Turkic States, and Turkey's goal is not only economic, political and cultural integration, but also strategic and military. Under the leadership of R. T. Erdogan, a lot of work is being done in the direction of Turkic integration and there are some results. The Turkic republics of Central Asia are currently interested in Turkic integration and are participating in that process to some extent.
At the beginning of 1990s Turkey’s foreign policy activity was connected with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the independence of the Turkic republics. The Pan-Turkism ideas were transformed during this period and they were introduced in a new way. The neo Pan-Turkism ideas were presented by three interconnected systems: the first as a spiritual cultural program, the second as a part of the political system, the third as Turkic component of the Turkic-Islamic synthesis. All Turkish parties attach great importance to the cooperation with Turkic republics in their programs. This especially emphasizes the ruling Justice and Development Party. The Nationalist Action Party is well known for PanTurkism and nationalist ideas. The NAP suggests to establish Pan-Turkic organizations. Neo Pan-Turkism is not only a cultural project, it is also a political program. We can say that the Neo Pan-Turkism is a part of the political system and it will stay in the context of Turkey’s foreign policy.
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