Background: Hand hygiene (HH) is effective for infection control, but its performance is poor in health-care workers (HCW). Methods: Study to evaluate the WHO technique and adherence to HH in a third-level hospital in Yucatán, Mexico. Data from evaluation certificates and "shadow" studies were analyzed and expressed in tables and graphs. Results: 406 HCW were evaluated for technique and 141 for adherence. Overall Compliance was 89.2% (satisfactory), being lower for cleaning (66%) and inhalation therapy (77%) teams. The lowest indicator was "hygiene time," with 55.4% (precarious). Overall Adherence was 61.4% (minimum), with physicians (12%) and residents and interns (6%) being less adherent than nursing staff (69%). The moments of fewer adherence were "after contact with fluids/secretions" (56.5%) and "after contact with the patient" (47.6%). Conclusions: Low adherence at critical moments during patient-care means that HCW did not extend the protection to themselves. Lack of motivation and professional attitude could be the cause of these results.
Since the 16th century, the Mexican territory underwent various political, demographic, environmental and cultural changes. During these vertiginous changes, many unknown microorganisms were imported into the country, and others flourished due to both global and local armed movements. In this article, the import and dissemination routes are documented, as well as the morbidity and mortality of the most important epidemics that have caused the death of millions of Mexicans. Some significant historical events that occurred in parallel to these outbreaks are described, from the Spanish conquest to modern times. The article also presents the transformations that the Mexican health systems implemented in each historical moment and how they faced health challenges.
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