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The inclusion of Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) in global health policies has resulted in significant resource prioritisations in order to treat and prevent the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). MSM policy inclusions and health prioritisations, however, are primarily motivated by an epidemiological understanding of male same-sex sexual behaviours, based on biological risks associated with HIV infection. Owing to South Africa's high HIV rates and MSM policy prioritisations, we aimed to examine experiences of engagement in urban MSM-targeted HIV interventions. Qualitative interviews were conducted with participants (n = 20) who previously engaged in MSM-HIV interventions, across a variety of historically marginalised "township" spaces in Cape Town, South Africa. Interviews were audio-recorded with the consent of all participants, transcribed verbatim, and verified, and anonymised using alpha-numeric codes. Data were analysed for core themes and in this paper we describe interactions between biological and social risks that shape city life for MSM in diverse township spaces. When positioned against the background of the Neuropolis, a recent sociological intervention by Des Fitzgerald, Nikolas Rose and Ilina Singh, our results portray urban life among MSM as a form of biological citizenship: (1) constructed by experiences that are constitutive of biosocial stressors, based on (2) health-seeking attitudes and behaviours, and (3) reinforced through socio-spatial engagements in peer-led and community-based HIV interventions. We conclude by offering critical insight into recent calls for the development of comprehensive and localised peer-led health programmes as a current void in the geographies of health and sexualities in the global south. K E Y W O R D S biological citizenship, Cape Town, HIV interventions, Men who have Sex with Men (MSM), Neuropolis, South Africa, urban health 1 | INTRODUCTION Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) are one of several population groups most affected and infected by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) (Baral et al., 2013; WHO, 2015). Subsequently, global health policies and guidelines increasingly include and target MSM in order to address and reduce

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