In Ethiopia, a great variety of diseases affects faba bean production. However, gall forming faba bean new disease has become a very serious disease that seriously affected faba beans producing areas of Wollo. This prescalling up of integrated faba bean gall technology has been conducted at Meket and Wadla woredas of north Wollo in 2017/18 to create wider demand on the management of gall disease and to enhance integrated gall disease management technology dissemination. The study areas were selected purposively due to high infestation of the disease. A total of 32 farmers were selected based on a voluntary base. Adjacent farms of 5.7 ha at Wadla and 3 ha at Meket was selected and clustered accordingly. Integrated disease management i.e seed dressing with 300 gm Baylaton/100Kg seed, improved varieties and hand weeding were applied as a package for the control of the disease. Dosha with chemical gave an average gain yield of 2.2 tons/ha at Meket whereas Wolki with chemical gave an average grain yield of 2.5 tons/ha at Wadla woreda. However, the local variety with farmers’ practice gave an average grain yield of 100 kg/ha and 900 kg/ha at Wadla and Meket woredas respectively. The result of economic analysis also indicate that the technology is by far advantageous than the local variety and practice. So, the technology should be further disseminated to other hot spot areas of faba bean gall diseases.
Tef is a major staple crop in Ethiopia and Eritrea. Many improved Tef varieties were released from the Ethiopian research institute in the past three decades. Information on the farmers’ adoption status and perception on released improved Tef technology have paramount importance for launching new and modifying Tef technology packages. However, such information is meager in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess farmers’ status and perception of improved Tef technologies. A multistage random sampling technique was employed to select sample of 224 Tef grower farmers. The results were interpreted and discussed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result indicated that farmers in the study area found at the medium level of adoption of Tef production technology (i.e., the average adoption index is 0.43). The findings also confirm that farmers perception towards the relative advantages of improved Tef varieties shows that high grain yield, good germination, early mature, and disease resistance capacity were perceived as the most crucial attributes of improved Tef varieties, whereas straw quality and tolerance to lodging were perceived as the least important attributes of the technology. Therefore, efforts and commitments to be expected from plant breeders and genetic specialists to reduce lodging of Tef through hybridizing semidwarf Tef varieties.
The low or non-adoption of improved agricultural technologies might be resulted from inadequate participation of farmers at all stages of the process of benefiting farmers. The current study was conducted in the representative sorghum producing areas of Wollo i.e. Raya kobo, Kalu and Dawa chefa with the objective of assessing farmers’ preference towards improved sorghum varieties and providing a menu of sorghum technologies. The study was conducted in 2019 cropping season having one year duration. Both inferential and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the collected data. Farmers’ perception was assessed using preference ranking and narration. Moreover, Agricultural events such as field days and experience sharing were prepared to capture farmers’ perception about the technologies. GenStat v.18th was used to analyze the data. Analysis of variance was employed to test the mean difference of yield among varieties. The result of ANOVA showed that improved sorghum varieties Dekeba and ESH1 gave the highest grain yield at respective sites. In kalu and Dawa chefa, farmers preferred Argiti whereas in Raya Kobo, Melkam was the variety preferred by the farmers. From the analysis of Spearman’s rank correlation, there was evidence on coincidence of farmers’ preference and the actual data. Therefore, based on the analysis of farmers’ preference and yield data, improved sorghum technologies Melkam and Argiti can be promoted in the respective districts of the study area.
Africa is rich in natural as well as human resources which are the basis for the prosperity of a given nation. Despite its potential the continent is still underdeveloped. Different scholars have tried to analyze the root causes of under development in Africa in different perspective. Some from the colonization perspective and others from the political set up of the continent. Based on this rational, we were initiated to review different literatures to identify the real causes of poverty in Africa, and to recommend an appropriate development theory for the continent. The socio political set up of African countries has a similarity with those of the East Asian nations which have brought economic progress through exercising developmental state. These countries were able to solve their citizens' unemployment through implementing technical education in their education policy, which is the peculiar feature of developmental state. Therefore, African leaders have to strive for change in the continent to reverse the situation through applying developmental state theory and gradually in a way of exercising democratic culture in the region.
Chickpea is the most important leguminous food grain in the diets of people in South and West Asia and Northern Africa [1]. In the long-term, Ethiopia's competitiveness in chickpea exports would critically depend on improving productivity, enhancing grain quality and ability to consistently supply required volumes of market-preferred products at competitive prices. Evidence from participatory variety selection showed that chick pea varieties Minjar and Kasech had a greater yield potential as compared to their categories i.e. Dessi and Kabuli types [2]. A total of 17 voluntary farmers having 5.25 ha of land were selected at Tuche kebele of Dawa chefa district. 5Qt seed of Minjar variety was provided to selected farmers based on their clustered farms. Farmers were implementing farm activities on selected experiment sites of each cluster in collaboration with extension agents. Field day has been organized by Sirinka agricultural research center and coordinating role was given for socioeconomics and agricultural extension research directorate. Farmer's during interviews reveals that using the improved variety Minjar is very important for preventing chocolate spot. Therefore, Scaling out Minjar variety should be carried at Dawa chefa and similar agro ecological areas through strengthening seed producer Cooperatives.
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