Objectives: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology which is known as a premalignant disease. A complete cure has not been found for this condition. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is a new drug that seems to be effective in improving OLP lesions. But there are no studies on the efficacy of mucoadhesive form of MMF in ulcerative OLP. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the therapeutic effect of MMF mucoadhesive on OLP lesions. Material and methods: Twenty-seven patients with OLP, were enrolled in two groups. All the patients were instructed to place the MMF 2% mucoadhesive on the lesion twice daily for 4 weeks. Lesion size was measured by a sterile digital caulis (mm) and the severity of burning sensation and pain by visual analogue scale (VAS; cm) at baseline and weekly follow-ups. Results: There was no significant difference in burning sensation and lesion size at Weeks 1, 2, and 3 in both groups. In Group A, at Week 4, there was significant reduction in pain and burning sensation and lesion size on both sides (p = .048, .012). The difference in lesion size on control sides was not significant. In Group B, at Week 4, there was significant reduction in pain and burning sensation and lesion size (p = .004). No side effects were reported by the patients. Conclusions: Based on the results, 2% MMF mucoadhesive was effective in decreasing burning sensation and pain severity and ulcer size of ulcerative OLP and the effect was time-dependent.
BackgroundGiven the importance of the role of gene expression in the prognosis and diagnosis of malignancies of the head and neck, we examined in this study the gene expressions of cathepsin-B (Cat-B) and caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral lichen planus (OLP) and compared them to controls. We also investigated their relationship to clinicopathological indices.MethodsIn this case-control study, 29 biopsy samples from OLP patients were compared to 29 paraffin blocks of OSCC samples as well as 28 paraffin blocks of normal oral tissue. The mean age of OSCC and OLP patients were 59.24 ± 15.04 and 48.79 ± 14.17 years, respectively. Clinical data were analyzed for their relationship to gene expressions using parametric and nonparametric tests.ResultsThe gene expressions of Cat-B and Cav-1 were significantly higher in OSCC and OLP patients compared to controls (p<0.001). The highest expression were found in OSCC, which was significantly different from OLP and controls. There were also significant differences between OLP and control in terms of the gene expression of Cat-B and Cav-1 .There was no association between the gene expression and age, gender, duration of disease, Thongprasom score, smoking and cutaneous lichen planus. However, the expressions were related to the grade and stage of OSCC lesions (p:0.01, p:0.02).ConclusionThe gene expressions of Cat-B and Cav-1 in OSCC were associated with the stage and grade of lesions. Therefore, they appear to be useful in predicting the biological behavior of OSCC and malignant transformation of OLP.
Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most common medical disorder, and the number of medicines available to address CVDs is on the rise; meanwhile, complications and drug interactions are major concerns. CVD patients’ medications include hypertension, ischemic heart disease, arrhythmias, and congestive heart failure. However, their administration is associated with side effects such as oral dryness, change in taste, and a burning sensation in the mouth. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate medicine-related oral complications of patients with heart failure. Methods: Following a cross-sectional design, 340 patients (146 men and 194 women) referring to heart clinics in Birjand (Iran) from March to September 2016 were evaluated. The mean age of participants was 60.13 ± 9.35. Participants were interviewed using standard checklists, and a complete clinical examination of the oral cavity for the presence of any oral mucosal lesions was performed using a mirror and dental probe. Data were analyzed using SPSS v. 22. Results: The most common side effect of heart failure medications was oral dryness (28.8%), followed by bitter taste (11.2%) in the mouth. The side effects were proportional to the patient’s age and the time since receiving the medication. Conclusions: Educational pamphlets are suggested to be separately prepared for patients and cardiologists about ways to prevent oral side effects of medications and oral considerations. Dentists can use supportive treatments and sialagogue medications to improve oral complications upon appropriate referrals.
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