The transformation process from idea to product and finally to wealth creation is one of the major problems in the agriculture sector in Iran. This study used a qualitative-exploratory approach to investigate the barriers and the solutions, which were derived from the interview results of our study, to commercialization of research findings in Iranian schools of agriculture. The data was collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews. The results showed that the highest ranking barriers to commercialization were inappropriate perspectives and policymaking, financial-investment barriers, mistrust, and poor communication; the barriers related to the participation of the private sector were among the lowest ranking items. The top ranking solutions for commercialization were related to planning, legislation, policy-making, needs assessment, goal setting, and prioritization. The technical-specialized solutions were the lowest ranking items.
One of the most devastating events is earthquake. Along with planning for supply and the proper distribution of relief goods including food and cloths, one of the most vital issues is to relieve to injured people who are in need of blood. In this research, we design a blood supply chain when the earthquake takes place, should the need arises by people requesting the blood units. Based on this need, a multi-level multi-objective mathematical model is designed during several periods based on minimizing the cost of the blood supply chain network and maximizing the reliability of the selectable paths for blood transportation. This model determines the optimal number and locations for establishing the facilities as well as determining the allocation of blood to various facilities, and, on the other hand, optimal routes for blood transportation among facilities. The mathematical model presented is validated by data acquired from implemented model of Tehran city.
Implementation of Knowledge Management (KM) brings significant changes at various levels of an organisation. Knowledge sharing is one of the aspects that plays a significant role in the success of KM. This paper uses empirical research. It will analyse the applicability of KM as a new change in an organisation, while taking into account the aspects influencing knowledge sharing. The research identifies the aspects related to knowledge sharing which will be assessed. This case study has been realised by using a questionnaire at an Iranian research organisation. The five factors of trust, commitment, job satisfaction, learning and organisational communication have been identified and studied as aspects affecting knowledge sharing. The results show that during the implementation of KM there would be a lot of resistance from people. While people seem to welcome this change and find it effective in organisational growth, the assessment shows that there is no adequate preparation in terms of knowledge sharing and KM.
With the aging of the population, old people increasingly wish to stay at home before entering to a retirement home. There are several reasons such as: the cost of entry, the impersonal side and the lack of solicitation as well isolation and lack of identity are the elements that could delay the entry into the retirement home. In this research, we would like to focus on persons with major neurodegenerative disorders who would like to stay at home as long as possible. These disorders are more and more present with aging of population, which lead us to reflect on the future home 4.0 by permitting residents to live their activities of daily living (ADL). New technologies and connected objects could be the potential solutions for designing the future home. During this study, we will identify the contradictions that could be existed among different solution's concepts based on functional criteria. These criteria are proposed in parameters according to the TRIZ method in order to propose principles of solution's concepts.
Nowadays, organizations attempt to retrieve, collect, preserve and manage knowledge and experience of experts in order to reuse them later and to promote innovation. In this sense, Experience Management is one of the important organizational issues. This article is discussed the main ideas of a future Conversational Case-Based Reasoning (CCBR) intended to assist the experts of after-sales service in a French industrial company. The aim of this research is to formalize the experience of experts in after-sales service in order to better reuse them for similar problems in future. The research opts for an action research method which consists of two main parts: description of failure and proposition of decision protocol. The data were complemented by questionnaires, documentary analysis (including technical reports and other technical documents), observation and many interviews with experts. The findings include several aspects: the formalization of Problem-solving Cards, proposing the structure of case base, as well as the framework of proposed system. These formalizations permit after-sales service experts to provide effective diagnosis and problem-solving.
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