Found exclusively in the tropics and subtropics, mangrove ecosystems make up less than 1% of the earth's total surface area but provide crucial functions and services disproportionate to their size, including serving as habitat for a wide variety of biodiversity, storing carbon at levels equivalent to those measured in the Amazon rainforests, and providing coastal stability and storm protection (Giri et al., 2011;Saatchi et al., 2011;Thomas et al., 2017). Despite their importance, at least 35% of the world's mangroves have been lost since 1990 due primarily to agricultural/aquacultural uses and logging (Thomas et al., 2017). These declines are expected to significantly affect not only the ecological and economic value of mangroves, but also the communities around them that have tightly linked cultural values and uses associated with these landscapes.The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005) defines ecosystem services (ES) as the suite of benefits that ecosystems generate for society, which can be placed into four broad categories:
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