Background: The aim of the present study is to compare the antibacterial effect of fluoride mouth rinse and fluoride varnish on the primary biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans ( S. mutans ) in two types of orthodontic adhesives. Materials and Methods: This is an in vitro study in which forty composite discs of Transbond XT and Lightbond were divided randomly into 4 groups: Group 1: Control group (not treated with fluoride), Group 2: Rinsed by 0.2% fluoride mouth rinse, Group 3: Rinsed by 0.05% fluoride mouth rinse, and Group 4: Treated by varnish fluoride. Then each group was placed in S. mutans suspension. Bacterial suspension from each treatment was subcultured onto the surface of Mueller–Hinton agar plates, and bacterial growth was assessed. The results were analyzed by analysis of variance test and Scheffé test was run to compute the binary groups ( P < 0.05). Results: There was a statistically significant reduction in the viability of S. mutans in treated groups by fluoride but no significant difference between two types of composites. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that S. mutans colonies were sensitive to fluoride and their most effective form was varnish. There was no significant difference in early biofilm formation of S. mutans in two types of orthodontic adhesive resins Transbond XT and Lightbond.
The colonies of were susceptible to either CO laser or Nd:YAG laser in the presence of TBO with no significant difference. So these lasers with this photosensitizer may be useful in prevention of dental caries and antimicrobial treatment protocols.
Background: These days minimally invasive micro-osteoperforation (MOPs) has accelerated orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). However, there are some conflicting reports about their various impacts; hence, the present systematic review study aimed to evaluate the effect of MOP on root resorption, pulp vitality, and the biological changes of teeth subjected to OTM. Materials and Methods: Search in electronic databases of English literature including PubMed, Scopus, Web of sciences, Cochrane, and Google scholar as well as a manual search was performed from 2013 to 2022. Most of the studies included in this article were randomized controlled trials. Results: From the total number of 321 found articles, 31 duplicated and 268 irrelevant articles were excluded regarding the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Consequently, 22 articles were subjected to the quality assessment process, and finally, 18 articles were selected for the review phase. Root resorption during tooth movement using the MOP approach was reported only in one study. Besides, except for two animal studies, all of the relevant included articles showed that MOPs significantly increased the expression of some inflammatory biomarkers known to recruit osteoclast precursors and increase the number of osteoclast cells. On the other hand, two animal studies showed no differences in osteoclast counts by using MOPs in comparison to their control groups, which was consequently the result of biologic variability between animal and human and also probably the small sample sizes of these two studies. Conclusion: In this systematic review, according to the adverse effects of MOP on root resorption, one study showed higher levels of root resorption among patients undergoing MOP. However, this outcome was due to the different methods used to evaluate the effect of MOPs on root resorption. Moreover, a high certainty of evidence supports that MOP causes biological changes and an elevation in cytokines, chemokines, and other biomarkers that stimulates osteoclasts differentiation which in turn accelerate OTM. There was no change in pulp vitality status based on available evidence.
Background. Oral health is one of the most important issues for people and physicians, and it is very important to identify the factors that contribute to the damage to oral health. One of the factors that is always emphasized in harming oral health is drug addiction. Methods. This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched the electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and ISI for Persian and English articles and compared oral health indicators in patients with substance abuse with healthy subjects. The quality of the selected studies was measured by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Heterogeneity of studies was performed using the Q test and I-square index. In case of heterogeneity of studies, a random effect model was used to combine the results. Publication bias was performed by funnel curves and Egger’s and Begg’s tests. Results. Substance abuse had a significant effect on (std dif in means 1/657[1.873-1/442], P<0/001) and it has a strong positive and significant effect on plaque index (OR. 1/42; 95% CI 1/18-1/7), P= 0/0002. Conclusion. The mean DMFT was higher in people with drug abuse than in healthy people. Periodontal problems are also more common in people with drug abuse than in healthy people. Hence, the oral health status of these people needs more attention. Practical Implications. Responsible organizations and social dentists should pay more attention to oral and dental health of substance abusers.
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