This review identifies the important roles of F-AuNPs in current cancer studies that are being undertaken worldwide. The findings of this review confirm that F-AuNP is a new theranostic agent, which has a great potential for simultaneous cancer therapy and diagnosis.
Acoustic cavitation in the presence of gold nanoparticles and intense pulsed light has been introduced as a new way for improving therapeutic effects on tumors by reducing the relative tumor volume and increasing the cumulative survival fraction.
Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a nanotechnology-assisted cancer hyperthermia approach in which the interaction between laser light and plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) generates localized heating. The exploitation of plasmonic NPs in association with active targeting moieties causes the preferential accumulation of NPs inside cancer cells, thereby providing targeted PTT. Herein, we evaluate the effect of folic acid (FA) as an active targeting agent in enhancing the photothermal efficiency of multifunctional Iron (III) Oxide (FeO)@Au core- shell NPs. FeO@Au NPs were synthesized, modified with FA and then characterized. Human nasopharyngeal (KB) cancer cells were treated with different concentrations of FeO@Au, with and without FA modification and the temperature rise profiles of the cells were measured upon administration of the near-infrared (NIR) laser (808 nm, 6 W/cm, 10 min). The recorded temperature profiles of the cells were used for thermal dose calculation. Finally, the level of induced apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry using an annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide apoptosis detection kit. The characterization data showed that the FeO@Au NPs are spherical, with a hydrodynamic size of 33 nm. The data corroborated the successful conjugation of the NPs with FA. The thermometry results indicated the superior temperature elevation rate of the cells in the presence of the NPs upon NIR irradiation. Meanwhile, the higher heating rate and the higher thermal dose were obtained for the cells exposed to FA-targeted FeO@Au rather than the non-targeted nanocomplex. Flow cytometry studies revealed that FA-targeted FeO@Au induced higher level of apoptosis than non-targeted FeO@Au NPs. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the synthesized FA-targeted FeO@Au NP has high potentials to be considered as an efficient thermosensitizer in the process of targeted cancer hyperthermia.
Shakeri-Zadeh (2019) Folate-modified and curcumin-loaded dendritic magnetite nanocarriers for the targeted thermo-chemotherapy of cancer cells, Artificial
Superparamagnetic cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoFe 2 O 4) possess favourite advantages for theranostic applications. Most of previous studies reported that CoFe 2 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are suitable candidates for induction of hyperthermia and transfection agents for drug delivery. The present study synthesized and investigated the potential use of CoFe 2 O 4 as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by using a conventional MRI system. The CoFe 2 O 4 were synthesized using co-precipitation method and characterized by TEM, XRD, FTIR, EDX and VSM techniques. Relaxivities r 1 and r 2 of CoFe 2 O 4 were then calculated using a 1.5 Tesla clinical magnetic field. The cytotoxicity of CoFe 2 O 4 was evaluated by the MTT assay. Finally, the optimal concentrations of MNPs for MRI uses were calculated through the analysis of T 2 weighted imaging cell phantoms. The superparamagnetic CoFe2O4 NPs with an average stable size of 10.45 nm were synthesized. Relaxivity r 1 , 2 calculations resulted in suitable r 2 and r 2 / r 1 with values of 58.6 and 51 that confirmed the size dependency on relaxivity values. The optimal concentration of MNPs for MR image acquisition was calculated as 0.154 mM. Conclusion: CoFe 2 O 4 synthesized in this study could be considered as a suitable T 2 weighted contrast agent because of its high r 2 /r 1 value. 2 Material and methods 2.1 Materials Co (II) and Fe (III) were purchased from Aldrich, Scharlau and Alfa Aesar. NaOH was obtained from Merck. MTT (3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Agarose gel and deionised water (DI water) were used during the tests. 2.2 Preparation of CoFe 2 O 4 MNPs CoFe 2 O 4 MNPs were synthesised by co-precipitation method in an alkaline aqueous environment. The reaction mixture was prepared from iron sulphate (Fe 2 (SO 4) 3 salts) and cobalt chloride (CoCl 2 salt) with 0.1 M concentration of metal salts. All components of the reaction mixture were deoxygenated with nitrogen gas before mixing. In the next step, 5.0 M NaOH solution was added with vigorously stirring of mixing reaction until reaching a pH of 12.4. The obtained solution was then replaced while stirring at 80°C for
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