Forest fires have negative effects on human health, ecosystems and climate change. One way to fight and prevent forest fires is formation of risk maps based on Geographical Information Systems (GIS). This study created a GIS-based database that contains information on forest fires that took place in Istanbul, Turkey in the period of 2013-2016 such as location, reason, burned area, etc. According to the spatial analysis maps that were obtained based on the initial location of the fires in 2013-2016, a large part of the fires took place in the zone in the south of the city between forests and settlement areas. It was also aimed in this study to reveal the relationship between the initial locations of forest fires and their distance to forest roads. For this purpose, spatial and temporal distribution maps were crated for the fires that took place in 2013-2016 with buffer zones that were created in distances of 0-25 m, 25-50 m, 50-75 m and 75-100 m from forest roads. According to the results of this analysis, among the total of 427 forest fires that took place within 0-100 m from forest roads, 186 (43%) took place within 0-25 m, 99 (23.19%) took place within 25-50 m, 90 (21.08%) took place within 50-75 m and 52 (12.18%) took place within 75-100 m. As it may be understood from the analysis results, numbers of fires decrease when the distance from forest roads increases.
Cilj je ovog rada istražiti produktivnost i troškove žičare Urus MIII tijekom iznošenja drva iz sastojina smreke u sjeveroistočnoj Turskoj. Produktivnost žičare Urus MIII određena je uporabom povratne metode studija rada i vremena. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju da neke radne karakteristike žičare Urus MIII, kao što su potrošnja goriva, obujam tovara, udaljenost iznošenja, brzina iznošenja i utrošeno vrijeme po ciklusu, imaju važan učinak na produktivnost žičare. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju da je produktivnost žičare Urus MIII iznosila 10,63 m³/h za srednju udaljenost iznošenja drva od 253 m. Dnevna produktivnost bila je 84,80 m³. Jedinični trošak rada žičare iznosi 30.00 €/h. Također, prosječna potrošnja goriva iznosila je 5 litara/h.
The incidence rate of occupational accidents is an important indicator of occupational safety performance. The aim of this study was to classify the similarities and differences among 23 European Union (EU) countries along with Turkey in terms of various occupational accident evaluation criteria. This was achieved using the k-means clustering method on data from the forestry and logging sector between 2008 and 2017. The occupational accident assessment criteria used in the study include the nonfatal male accident incidence rate, the nonfatal female accident incidence rate, the total (male + female) nonfatal accident incidence rate, and the total (male + female) fatal accident incidence rate. According to the clustering analysis, three clusters were obtained, and Turkey was included in Cluster 2. By evaluating the final cluster center values and the descriptive statistical values in the clusters, it was found that the occupational accident incidence values of the countries in Cluster 2 were in all four categories below the averages of the other two other clusters as well as the 23 EU countries and Turkey considered together. Cluster 1 was above all of the other clusters as well as all the countries considered together in the total nonfatal occupational accident category, and Cluster 3 in the fatal occupational accident category. Studies similar to this one but on an intercontinental basis would provide a good foundation for improving work health and safety legislation in forestry and logging on a global scale.
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