Population of children is at risk of getting off-label medication because of its particular condition. This study was conducted to find out how the prevalence of off-label drug use for children at community pharmacies in Yogyakarta. This was a retrospective, medical record-based study using the 2014-2015. The study subjects consisted of children under 12 years old. About 828 prescriptions were reviewed, 268 were included accord with completeness diagnose data in patients medical records. The accumulative of drug use among 268 prescriptions were 816 drugs use with 76 item drugs. We have identified 268 prescriptions, of those 268 prescriptions, we found off label drugs in 57 prescriptions (21%). identified, off-label use accounted for 57 prescriptions (21%). The prevalence of off-label use classified as off-label age accounted for 91 use (11.1%); off-label indications accounted for 7 use (0.8%); and did not find off-label category dosage, route of administration and contraindication. The three highest use off-label drugs respectively pseudoephedrine accounted for 47 (5.7%), tripolidine 20 (2.4%), and dextromethorphan 14 (1.7%) of all drug use. Based on the results of this study, we found that the use of off-label drugs in children is quite high (21%) so that supervision-related risks of drug use need to be done. ABSTRAK:Populasi anak sangat berisiko mendapatkan peresepan obat off-label disebabkan kekhususan kondisinya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana prevalensi penggunaan obat off-label pada anak di apotek kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian dilakukan secara retrospektif dengan pengambilan data berdasarkan rekam medis anak tahun 2014 -2015. Subjek penelitian merupakan anak dengan batasan usia di bawah 12 tahun. Total peresepan anak selama periode penelitian sebanyak 828 rekam medis diantaranya sejumlah 268 peresepan memenuhi kriteria inklusi dengan kelengkapan data diagnosa pada catatan medis pasien. Total penggunaan obat dari 268 peresepan adalah 816 obat dengan 76 jenis obat. Berdasarkan review dari 268 peresepan, ditemukan sejumlah 57 (21%) peresepan off-label. Prevalensi penggunaan obat off-label diklasifikasikan sebagai off-label usia sejumlah 91 (11,1%) penggunaan, off-label indikasi sejumlah 7 (0,8%), dan tidak ditemukan off-label obat kategori dosis, rute pemberian dan kontraindikasi. Jenis obat paling dominan digunakan secara off-label antara lain pseudoefedrin sejumlah 47(5,7%), tripolidin 20 (2,4%) dan dekstrometorfan 14 (1,7%) dari total penggunaan obat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa penggunaan obat off-label pada anak cukup tinggi (21%) sehingga pengawasan terkait risiko penggunaan obat perlu dilakukan. Keywords PENDAHULUANObat off-label pada anak disebabkan penggunaan obat tersebut tidak resmi atau tidak sesuai dengan populasi lisensi obat [1]. Prevalensi penggunaan obat off-label terutama pada anak sangat tinggi di sejumlah negara [2,3,4,5]. Penelitian di Jerman menunjukkan penggunaan obat off-label tergolong tinggi terutama kategori offlabel dosis [6]. Pene...
Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) has a high incidence rate, especially in the tropical and subtropical area. Various efforts have been made as an attempt to empower the community in PSN-dengue program, but has not yet reached the optimal result. COMBI (Communication for Behavioral Impact) is a dynamic team working to formulate and deliver the message, materials, and appropriate communication media for community problems found by way of a mutually agreed settlement of the problem.Quantitative research was done by cross sectional method to check the water storage containers inside the houses of the respondents. The number of the respondents were 990 male (38.1%), 1612 female (61.9%). Three (0.1%) respondents were aged <17 years, 249 (9.6%) were 17-25 years old, 526 (20.2%) were 26-35 years old, 706 (27.1%) were 36-45 years old, 602 (23.1%) were 46-55 years old, 348 (13.4%) were 56-65 years old, 173 (6.7%) were >65 years old. Most dominant level of education and employment statuses were 1107 (42.5%) high school and 858 (32.9%) were housewives. The average numbers of Larva Free Index in Sleman Regency, Bantul Regency and Yogyakarta municipality were - 75.8%; 70.9%; and 77.3% respectively. The average CI in Yogyakarta municipality was 7.05%, Sleman Regency was 9.68%, and Bantul Regency was 20.86%. The average HI in Yogyakarta municipality was 22.7%, Sleman Regency was 24.13%, and Bantul Regency was 29.02%. This study suggested that the LFI, CI and HI were not in accordance with the target of the Ministry of Health.
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui peresepan obat off label pada anak di pelayanan rawat jalan klinik pratama swasta di Kabupaten Sleman. Penelitian dilakukan secara retrospektif dengan pengambilan data berdasarkan rekam medis anak tahun 2015. Subjek penelitian merupakan rekam medis anak dengan batasan usia di bawah 11 tahun. Jumlah populasi selama periode penelitian adalah 119 rekam medis. Total jumlah penggunaan obat sebanyak 343 obat. Hasil kajian penggunaan obat off-label ditemukan 107 kasus (31,19%). Kategori obat off-label berturut – turut dari prevalensi tertinggi adalah off-label dosis 53 kasus (15,45%); off-label usia 40 kasus (11,66%); off-label indikasi 13 kasus (3,79%); dan off-label cara pemberian 1 (0,29%). Rentang usia anak 1 – 23 bulan ditemukan off-label sebanyak 14 anak (11,76%); usia 2 - <5 tahun dan 5 – 11 tahun masing – masing 38 anak (31,92%). Jenis obat off-label paling dominan adalah klorfeniramin maleat kategori subdosis dan off-label usia. Hasil penelitian ini mendorong perhatian lebih tenaga kesehatan terhadap efikasi dan risiko penggunaan obat off-label pada anak
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