MeerKAT’s large number (64) of 13.5 m diameter antennas, spanning 8 km with a densely packed 1 km core, create a powerful instrument for wide-area surveys, with high sensitivity over a wide range of angular scales. The MeerKAT Galaxy Cluster Legacy Survey (MGCLS) is a programme of long-track MeerKAT L-band (900−1670 MHz) observations of 115 galaxy clusters, observed for ∼6−10 h each in full polarisation. The first legacy product data release (DR1), made available with this paper, includes the MeerKAT visibilities, basic image cubes at ∼8″ resolution, and enhanced spectral and polarisation image cubes at ∼8″ and 15″ resolutions. Typical sensitivities for the full-resolution MGCLS image products range from ∼3−5 μJy beam−1. The basic cubes are full-field and span 2° × 2°. The enhanced products consist of the inner 1.2° × 1.2° field of view, corrected for the primary beam. The survey is fully sensitive to structures up to ∼10′ scales, and the wide bandwidth allows spectral and Faraday rotation mapping. Relatively narrow frequency channels (209 kHz) are also used to provide H I mapping in windows of 0 < z < 0.09 and 0.19 < z < 0.48. In this paper, we provide an overview of the survey and the DR1 products, including caveats for usage. We present some initial results from the survey, both for their intrinsic scientific value and to highlight the capabilities for further exploration with these data. These include a primary-beam-corrected compact source catalogue of ∼626 000 sources for the full survey and an optical and infrared cross-matched catalogue for compact sources in the primary-beam-corrected areas of Abell 209 and Abell S295. We examine dust unbiased star-formation rates as a function of cluster-centric radius in Abell 209, extending out to 3.5 R 200. We find no dependence of the star-formation rate on distance from the cluster centre, and we observe a small excess of the radio-to-100 μm flux ratio towards the centre of Abell 209 that may reflect a ram pressure enhancement in the denser environment. We detect diffuse cluster radio emission in 62 of the surveyed systems and present a catalogue of the 99 diffuse cluster emission structures, of which 56 are new. These include mini-halos, halos, relics, and other diffuse structures for which no suitable characterisation currently exists. We highlight some of the radio galaxies that challenge current paradigms, such as trident-shaped structures, jets that remain well collimated far beyond their bending radius, and filamentary features linked to radio galaxies that likely illuminate magnetic flux tubes in the intracluster medium. We also present early results from the H I analysis of four clusters, which show a wide variety of H I mass distributions that reflect both sensitivity and intrinsic cluster effects, and the serendipitous discovery of a group in the foreground of Abell 3365.

Results from spectroscopic observations of the intermediate polar (IP) EX Hya in quiescence during 1991 and 2001 are presented. Spin-modulated radial velocities consistent with an outer disc origin were detected for the first time in an IP. The spin pulsation was modulated with velocities near ∼500-600 km s −1 . These velocities are consistent with those of the material circulating at the outer edge of the accretion disc, suggesting co-rotation of the accretion curtain with the material near the Roche lobe radius. Furthermore, spin Doppler tomograms have revealed evidence of the accretion curtain emission extending from velocities of ∼500 to ∼1000 km s −1 . These findings have confirmed the theoretical model predictions for EX Hya, which predict large accretion curtains that extend to a distance close to the Roche lobe radius in this system.Evidence for overflow stream of material falling on to the magnetosphere was observed, confirming the result of Belle et al. that disc overflow in EX Hya is present during quiescence as well as outburst.It appears that the Hβ and Hγ spin radial velocities originated from the rotation of the funnel at the outer disc edge, while those of Hα were produced due to the flow of the material along the field lines far from the white dwarf (narrow component) and close to the white dwarf (broad-base component), in agreement with the accretion curtain model.

We present optical spectroscopy of EX Hya during its 1991 outburst. This outburst is characterized by strong irradiation of the front face of the secondary star by the white dwarf, an overflowing stream which is seen strongly in He iiλ4686 and by a dip in the light curves, which extends from 0.1 to 0.6 in the binary and spin phases. Strong irradiation of the accretion curtain and that of the inner regions of the disc led to strong emission of He iiλ4686 and to the suppression of the Hγ and Hβ emission. Disc overflow was observed in quiescence in earlier studies, where the overflow stream material was modulated at high velocities close to 1000 km s−1. In outburst, the overflowing material is modulated at even higher velocities (∼1500 km s−1). These are streaming velocities down the field lines close to the white dwarf. Evidence for material collecting near the outer edge of the disc and corotating with the accretion curtain was observed. In decline, this material and the accretion curtain obscured almost all the emission near binary phase 0.4, causing a dip. The dip minimum nearly corresponds with spin pulse minimum. This has provided additional evidence for an extended accretion curtain, and for the corotation of material with the accretion curtain at the outer edge of the disc. From these observations we suggest that a mechanism similar to that of Spruit and Taam, where outbursts result due to the storage and release of matter outside the magnetosphere, triggers the outbursts of EX Hya. This is followed by the irradiation of the secondary star due to accretion induced radiation.

We report on the detection of an ∼5900 s quasi‐periodic variation in the extensive photometry of TX Col spanning 12 yr. We discuss five different models to explain this period. We favour a mechanism where the quasi‐periodic variation results from the beating of the Keplerian frequency of the ‘blobs’ orbiting in the outer accretion disc with the spin frequency and from modulated accretion of these ‘blobs’ taking place in a shocked region near the disc/magnetosphere boundary.

Context. The origin of radio halos in galaxy clusters is still unknown and is the subject of a vibrant debate from both observational and theoretical points of view. In particular, the amount and the nature of nonthermal plasma and of the magnetic field energy density in clusters hosting radio halos is still unclear. Aims. The aim of this paper is to derive an estimate of the pressure ratio X = P non−th /P th between the nonthermal and thermal plasma in radio halo clusters that have combined radio, X-ray and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect observations. Methods. From the simultaneous P 1.4 −L X and P 1,4 −Y SZ correlations for a sample of clusters observed with Planck, we derive a correlation between Y SZ and L X that we use to derive a value for X. This is possible since the Compton parameter Y SZ is proportional to the total plasma pressure in the cluster, which we characterize as the sum of the thermal and nonthermal pressure, while the X-ray luminosity L X is proportional only to the thermal pressure of the intracluster plasma. Results. Our results indicate that the average (best-fit) value of the pressure ratio in a self-similar cluster formation model is X = 0.55 ± 0.05 in the case of an isothermal β-model with β = 2/3 and a core radius r c = 0.3 · R 500 , holding on average for the cluster sample. We also show that the theoretical prediction for the Y SZ −L X correlation in this model has a slope that is steeper than the best-fit value for the available data. The agreement with the data can be recovered if the pressure ratio X decreases with increasing X-ray luminosity as L −0.96Conclusions. We conclude that the available data on radio halo clusters indicate a substantial amount of nonthermal pressure in cluster atmospheres whose value must decrease with increasing X-ray luminosity or increasing cluster mass (temperature). This is in agreement with the idea that nonthermal pressure is related to nonthermal sources of cosmic rays that live in cluster cores and inject nonthermal plasma in the cluster atmospheres, which is subsequently diluted by the intracluster medium acquired during cluster collapse, and has relevant impact for further studies of high-energy phenomena in galaxy clusters.