Abstract-The identification of the onset of pubertal growth phase in growing patients is very important for orthodontists to determine orthodontic treatment planning and timing. The timing of growth phase can be assessed using chronological age, skeletal age, physiological age, dental age and biomarkers. ALP is one of the biomarkers that can be easily obtained from saliva. The increase of ALP levels in growing subjects is one of the indications of bone mineralization. The objective of this study was to assess the level of ALP in growing subjects in relation to the pubertal growth phase and age. This research was an observational analytic research with cross sectional design. Samples in this study consisted of 57 healthy growing female subjects (age ranging from 8 to 15 years). Growth phase was assessed through the cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method described by Hassel and Farman. The subjects were divided into three groups according to their growth phases, which were prepubertal (CVM 1 and CVM 2), pubertal (CVM 3 and CVM 4), and post pubertal (CVM 5 and CVM 6). Unstimulated whole saliva collected from each subject and the level of ALP were measured using spectrophotometer. Results showed that peak levels of ALP were observed in pubertal growth phase: 233.39 ± 106.29 (IU/L), followed by prepubertal growth phase: 192.87 ± 69.02 (IU/L), and post pubertal growth phase: 79.20 ± 31.41(IU/L). The highest ALP levels were found at 10-11 years, and at 8-9 years, 12-13 years, and 14-15 years respectively. As conclusion, the level of ALP in saliva can be used as biomarker for the pubertal growth phase identification to determine orthodontic treatment planning and timing.
Abstract-In lateral cephalometric analysis sometimes found a borderline results, its difficult to ascertain the jaw skeletal relationship, in this situation, taking into account the morphological variation and the sidelines of the tursika on cephalometric radiography are expected to help to determine whether skeletal relationships Class I, II or III malocclusion. The sample in this study are 104 photos of lateral sefalometri divided into two groups Class I and Class II malocclusion based on the ANB value, each group was randomized and identified by morphology sella turcica following the theory of Axellson et al (2004), then compared with the value ANB from each group. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant differences between morphology variation of sella tursika in Class I and class II malocclusion, obtained normal morphology sella turcica at most in sample group of Class I (35 sample (83,3%)) and Class II (7 sample (16.7%)), ANB angle indicates the discrepancy of sagittal growth from the apical base of the jaw. Irregular (notching) posterior wall greater found in Class II malocclusion (26,9%) and in Class I malocclusion only 7,7%. There was significant differences in morphology of sella turcica in the group of patients with skeletal Class II malocclusions compared to patients with skeletal Class I malocclusions and there is a correlation of morphological variation of the sell of patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion.
Abstract-Skeletal Class III malocclusion is some of the most complex cases to treat. Currently, orthognathic surgery and orthodontic camouflage are the standard technique for treating this condition in fully growing patients. With skeletal Class III orthodontic patients camouflage can be used to treat milder cases with Class III elastic. When patient declines orthodontic surgery, camouflage treatment with Class III elastics is a valid option. In this case report will showing two patients with skeletal Class III and the treatment for the first patient using fixed appliance and Class III elastic, the second patient using camouflage treatment and extraction of both the mandibular first premolars, and Class III elastic. The result of treatment are for the first patient malocclusion could be treated with Class III elastic and orthodontic movement, and the second patient the treatment technique needed extraction of the mandibular first premolar and used Class III elastic. As a conclusion are the skeletal Class III malocclusion could be treated with or without extraction of mandibular first premolar and the treatment have to use Class III elastics.
Abstract-Canting dentoalveolar is the slope of the teeth in the occlusal plane that is appears to everyone with different level. The sample was 60 adults were divided into three groups: 20 people skeletal Class I, 20 people skeletal Class II, and 20 people skeletal Class III. Canting dentoalveolar take from Nasal Line (NL) and Mandible Line (ML) to incisive central and first molar maxilla and mandible. Index value canting maxilla and mandible from derived height from region left and right maxilla and mandible using a Fisher's method on panoramic radiographs.The relationship between canting dentoalveolar and malocclusion Class I, II, and III was determined using Spearman correlation test. There are significant relationship between canting dentoalveolar and malocclusion Class I, II, and III. Dental canting can find in patient with skeletal Class I, II, and III. There is a significant relationship between the dental canting in patient with skeletal Class I, II, and III. Patient with malocclusion Class II and II have a greater degree of canting compared to patients with skeletal malocclusion Class I.
Stainless steel orthodontic wire is one of the wires used in orthodontic treatment. This wire is subject to corrosion. One of the efforts to inhibit corrosion is the addition of corrosion inhibitors. Guava leaves can be used as corrosion inhibitors because they contain active tannin compounds that can inhibit corrosion. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of guava leaf extract as a corrosion inhibitor for stainless steel orthodontic wire.This research used 0.16x0.22” stainless steel orthodontic wire from Ormco brand which was cut 40 mm long. 20 pieces of stainless steel wire were divided into 4 groups, namely the group that was soaked in saliva without guava leaf extract (control), saliva, and guava leaf extract 200 ppm, 600 ppm, and 1000 ppm. All wires were weighed before and after immersion. The wire immersion was carried out in an incubator at a temperature of 370 C for 10 days. The corrosion rate of the wire is calculated by the weight loss method. Then proceed with calculating the value of the effectiveness of the inhibitor.The results of this study showed the average corrosion rate of the saliva-soaked group was 0.159 mpy, the saliva-soaked group and guava leaf extract 200 ppm 0.037 mpy, the saliva-soaked group and guava leaf extract 600 ppm 0.033 mpy, and the saliva-soaked and guava leaf extract group guava leaf extract 1000 ppm 0.023 mpy. The results of the kruskal-wallis analysis showed that there was a difference in the corrosion rate between the groups soaked in saliva and guava leaf extract (p<0.05).The effectiveness value of guava leaf extract is effective in inhibiting the corrosion rate with the highest effectiveness of 85.53%
Keywords: Corrosion Inhibitor, Stainless Steel Orthodontic Wire, Guava Leaf Extract.
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