Introduction: Placenta has a remarkable reserve capacity to survive in the harmful environment, but some of the damaging factors, especially maternal anemia may have negating effects on placenta which might compromise the fetal well-being. Decreased hemoglobin level in pregnancy is associated with villous hypervascularity and chorangiosis, which can be assessed for diagnostic purposes because it has been considered as a result of placental hypoxia caused by maternal anemia. The objective of this study is to assess the morphological pattern of villous hypervascularity and chorangiosis at different maternal hemoglobin levels. Material and methods:This descriptive study was carried out over a period of 2 years in a tertiary care hospital. Nonprobability convenience sampling was done. Placentas were obtained from 100 full-term pregnant women having different hemoglobin levels. After processing and staining, the slides were examined under light microscope and number of blood vessels were calculated in 10 villi in 10 non-infarcted areas in 3 random fields per each slide under 10X objective. Results:At normal hemoglobin level, all the chorionic villi showed normal number of blood vessels, while at 10.0-10.9 gm/dl, 50% (12 out of 24 cases), at 7-9.9 gm/dl, 36.4% (12 out of 33 cases) and at < 7 gm/dl, 72.2% (13 out of 18 cases) placental specimens showed hypervascularity. Chorangiosis was not seen at hemoglobin level ≥ 10.0 gm/dl while 18.1% (6 out of 33 cases) having hemoglobin level 7-9.9 gm/dl and 27.8% specimens having hemoglobin level ≤ 7.0 gm/dl (5 out of 18 cases) showed chorangiosis Conclusion:In current study number of capillaries per chorionic villi were found to be significantly more at decreasing concentration of hemoglobin, displaying adaptive alterations
Objectives: This study was performed to access the knowledge of health care professionals regarding health care associated infections, nosocomial pathogens, fomites and their role in transmission of nosocomial pathogens. Study Design: Descriptive, questionnaire based, cross-sectional study. Setting: Tertiary care hospital of Lahore, Punjab. Period: From October 2017 to January 2018. Material & Methods: Questionnaires were carefully formulated to access basic knowledge of physicians, surgeons and nurses. Responses given were analyzed and recorded as frequency and percentage. Results: Regarding health care associated infections, respiratory tract infections were identified by 72% surgeons, 65% physicians and 59% nurses. Surgical wound infections were identified by 76% of surgeons and 81% nurses. 45.7% physician identified bacteraemia as nosocomial infection. Rate of identification for rest of nosocomial infections was sub optimum (<50%) by health care workers. Regarding identification of nosocomial pathogens, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus was marked by 65% of physicians, 83.8% of nurses, 76% of surgeons. Pseudomonas nosocomial pathogen was identified by 40%, 46% and 64% of physicians, nurses and surgeons respectively. The rate of identification for rest of the nosocomial organisms was again sub optimum (<40%) by health care workers. Regarding fomites, mattresses and pillows, thermometer, stethoscopes were identified by 75.7%, 59.2 and 50% of Health care professionals respectively. Conclusion: This survey identified positive attitude among Health care workers towards infection control but low level of knowledge regarding health care associated infections and nosocomial pathogens. Therefore, to prevent nosocomial infections, there is strong need to develop strategies for improving knowledge of Health care professionals.
Objective: Estimate to the prevalence of hemorrhoids Signs and Symptoms among pregnancies in maternity teaching hospitals in Mosul city. Material: Descriptive study was conducted in maternity teaching hospital 20to30 September 2022 . A purposive sample that consists of (64) patients , chosen according to the criteria . Their age ranges between (15-44) years. A questionnaire was developed for purposive of study & included 3 parts is consist of part one demographic data and part three is composed of (7) items . The overall questions included (28) items. Results: The age groups is between(20-24) years and constituted Prevalence (29.7%), In addition the age groups is between (25-29) years and constituted (29.7%) Most of samples were females constitute of Prevalence (60%) of the total samples. In regard with residence city Prevalence (76.6%) .In regard with levels of education elementary Prevalence (20.3%) .In regard with occupation housewife Prevalence (65.6%) high percentage. Conclusion: This study concluded that the Age, Residence, occupation a variables are the most socio- demographic variables that were associated prevalence of hemorrhoids Signs and Symptoms among pregnancies and the level of education variable.High percent from total sample were in residence city it constitute of Prevalence (76,6%). With regard to the occupation housewife were living urban areas and constitutes Prevalence (65,6%) and there are many high associations among some variables prevalence of hemorrhoids Signs and Symptoms among pregnancies and the age significant. Keywords: Prevalence, Hemorrhoids, Pregnancies.
Background: Coagulase-negative Staphylococci are members of stable skin inhabitants. They are frequent contaminants in blood cultures and can lead to unnecessary exposure of patients to antimicrobial drugs and excess hospital costs. This study aims to estimate the frequency of Coagulase-negative Staphylococci in blood cultures and their antibiograms. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in a tertiary care hospital over one year from April 2018 to March 2019. Blood cultures received in the laboratory were processed to isolate Coagulase-negative Staphylococci. Susceptibility to various antimicrobial drugs was detected by disc diffusion method and E-strips. Results: A total of 13802 blood cultures were processed in one year. 1750 blood cultures yielded bacterial growth and 374 blood cultures were positive for Staphylococci. Out of these 374 blood cultures, 97 were categorized as Staphylococcus aureus and 277 were Coagulase-negative Staphylococci. Out of 13802 total blood cultures performed during study period, 277 blood cultures positive with Coagulase negative Staphylococcus means contamination rate of 2% out of total blood cultures. 277 Coagulase negative Staphylococcus positive cultures out of 1750 positive blood cultures means contamination rate of 15.8% out of positive blood cultures. Among Coagulase-negative Staphylococci, 68.2% isolates were resistant to Cefoxitin, 95.3% to Penicillin, 85.1% to Erythromycin, 37.5% to Ciprofloxacin, 59.6% to Gentamicin, 68.6% to Fusidic acid, 3.6% to Teichoplanin, and 1.4% to Linezolid. All isolates were sensitive to Vancomycin. Conclusion: The rate of blood culture contamination was 2% out of total blood cultures and 15.8% out of positive blood cultures.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.