Objective: We aimed to investigate the demographic shifts in emergency service admissions, possible measures and room for improvement in emergency services during the Covid-19 pandemic.

The haemodynamic effects of increased intra-abdominal pressure during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 22 patients were compared with those in 11 patients undergoing open cholecystectomy; bioimpedance cardiography was used for monitoring at predetermined time intervals. In the laparoscopy group stroke volume, cardiac and ejection velocity indices were significantly decreased and the total peripheral resistance index was significantly increased during the insufflation period when compared with preinsufflation and corresponding values in the group undergoing open operation. Routine intraoperative parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure did not show any significant change or indicate alterations in cardiovascular performance during laparoscopic procedures. Continuous non-invasive cardiovascular monitoring by bioimpedance cardiography may be useful in patients with limited cardiac function.

Objective: Restrictions imposed for the COVID-19 pandemic and the people's fear of getting infected have caused a significant drop in the number of emergency service admissions. Herein, we aimed to investigate the reflections of our otherwise crowded emergency services' quietness in the period of normalisation. Methodology: Our study retrospectively investigated three groups of patients: the patients who were admitted to the emergency service in the 'Period of Restrictions' when the restrictions were imposed to limit the spread of the COVID-19 infection; the patients who were admitted to the emergency service in the 'Period of Normalisation' when normalisation attempts were made and the restrictions were lifted; and the patients who were admitted to the emergency service in the 'Period of Pre-pandemic Normal' exactly 1 year before the normalisation period, which would reflect the normal functioning of the emergency service at that time. The three groups were compared with respect to the demographic characteristics and patient outcomes (death/hospitalisation/discharge). Results: A total of 69 474 patients were admitted to the emergency service in the 'Period of Pre-pandemic Normal' whereas 21 278 patients were admitted in the 'Period of Restrictions'. The number of emergency service admissions in the 'Period of Restrictions' was significantly lower (P < .01). A total of 72 843 patients were admitted to the emergency service in the 'Period of Normalisation'. There was no statistically significant difference between the 'Period of Pre-pandemic Normal' and the 'Period of Normalisation' in terms of the number of emergency service admissions (P = .127). A total of 9421 (13.5%) patients were hospitalised in the 'Period of Pre-pandemic Normal' and the corresponding figure for the 'Period of Normalisation' was 19 876 (27.2%). A total of 24 (0.03%) patients died in the 'Period of Pre-pandemic Normal', whereas 172 (0.23%) patients died in the 'Period of Normalisation'. The number of patients who were hospitalised and lost in the 'Period of Normalisation' was significantly higher than that of patients who were hospitalised and lost in the 'Period of Pre-pandemic Normal' (P < .01). Conclusion: In the period of COVID-19 pandemic, fear of getting infected and the restrictions imposed to limit the spread of the disease have kept people out of hospitals. We believe that while the restrictions imposed on various activities have prevented the virus from spreading, they also caused the course of non-COVID-19 diseases to worsen and mortality rates to rise. Therefore, we are of the opinion that the public How to cite this article: Görmeli Kurt N, Çamcı M. COVID-19: How do emergency departments fare after normalisation steps?.

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a respiratory disorder first seen in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Since the report of the first COVID-19 case at the end of 2019 in Wuhan, China, COVID-19 has rapidly spread, first to all regions of China and then to whole world. 1 The virus is spread via respiratory droplets between humans and has spread across the world in a short time, forcing WHO to

Objective: We aimed to investigate the demographic shifts in emergency service admissions, possible measures and room for improvement in emergency services during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methodology: Our study retrospectively analyzed the demographic features and clinical admission types of patients admitted to Batman District State Hospital Emergency Service at two different time periods, one prior to the Covid-19 pandemic and the other during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results were compared between the two periods designated as the pandemic period and the pre-pandemic period. Results: The number of patients admitted to emergency service was 47.681 in the pre-pandemic period and 9455 in the pandemic period (p<0.01). The number of patients admitted for trauma was 1247(2.61%) in the pre-pandemic period and 59(0.62%) in the pandemic period (p<0.01). The number of patients hospitalized to cardiology department or coronary care unit for acute coronary syndrome was 602(1.26%) in the pre-pandemic period and 29(0.3%) in the pandemic period (p<0.01). The number of patients hospitalized to neurological intensive care unit for acute cerebrovascular disease was 542(1.13%) in the pre-pandemic period and 22(0.2%) in the pandemic period (p<0.01). The number of patients hospitalized to pulmonary diseases department or intensive care unit for dyspnea was 622(1.21%) in the pre-pandemic period and 515 (5.4%) in the pandemic period (p <0.01). Conclusion:Measures taken to prevent the spread of Covid-19 infection have caused a significant drop in emergency service admissions. We are of the opinion that this will lead to an increase in deaths occurring at home, and we will soon encounter patients with worse prognosis and overcrowded emergency services. In order to prevent this problem, we believe that the public awareness about emergency conditions requiring emergency service admission should be heightened alongside of the 'stay home' calls.