In this multicentre study, which is the largest case series ever reported, we aimed to describe the features of tularaemia to provide detailed information. We retrospectively included 1034 patients from 41 medical centres. Before the definite diagnosis of tularaemia, tonsillitis (n = 653, 63%) and/or pharyngitis (n = 146, 14%) were the most frequent preliminary diagnoses. The most frequent clinical presentations were oropharyngeal (n = 832, 85.3%), glandular (n = 136, 13.1%) and oculoglandular (n = 105, 10.1%) forms. In 987 patients (95.5%), the lymph nodes were reported to be enlarged, most frequently at the cervical chain jugular (n = 599, 58%), submandibular (n = 401, 39%), and periauricular (n = 55, 5%). Ultrasound imaging showed hyperechoic and hypoechoic patterns (59% and 25%, respectively). Granulomatous inflammation was the most frequent histological finding (56%). The patients were previously given antibiotics for 1176 episodes, mostly with β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors (n = 793, 76%). Antituberculosis medications were provided in seven (2%) cases. The patients were given rational antibiotics for tularaemia after the start of symptoms, with a mean of 26.8 ± 37.5 days. Treatment failure was considered to have occurred in 495 patients (48%). The most frequent reasons for failure were the production of suppuration in the lymph nodes after the start of treatment (n = 426, 86.1%), the formation of new lymphadenomegalies under treatment (n = 146, 29.5%), and persisting complaints despite 2 weeks of treatment (n = 77, 15.6%). Fine-needle aspiration was performed in 521 patients (50%) as the most frequent drainage method. In conclusion, tularaemia is a long-lasting but curable disease in this part of the world. However, the treatment strategy still needs optimization.

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a rare mucocutaneous vesiculobullous disease characterized by the development of autoantibodies against the desmosomal proteins. Current treatment is largely based on systemic immunosuppression using systemic corticosteroids. Immunosuppressive drugs used in the treatment of the disease may increase the risk of infection and delayed healing, which are of concern in dental treatment procedures in this group of patients. The clinical outcomes of implants in PV have not been investigated. We present a case of PV rehabilitated with an implant-supported prosthesis with a 32-month follow-up and discuss the important points in the surgical and prosthodontic phases.

Hematolojik bir hastalık olan anemi, kan hemoglobin veya hematokrit değerinin referans aralığının altında bulunması olarak tanımlanır. Hemoglobin miktarının, erişkin erkeklerde 13,5 g/dL ve erişkin kadınlarda ise 12 g/ dL altında olması anemi olarak kabul edilir. Kanda hemoglobin miktarının azalması ile dokulara giden oksijen miktarının da azalması, dokularda fonksiyon bozulmasına neden olan hipoksinin oluşmasına yol açar. Bu nedenle birçok sistemde aneminin yol açtığı semptom ve bulgular görülebilir. Anemi dişleri, mukoz membranları, periodontal dokuları, tükürük bezlerini ve perioral dokuları etkileyebilir. Bu makalede farklı anemi tablolarının oral ve perioral dokular üzerine olan etkisi anlatılarak diş hekimliği açısından öne-mi vurgulanmaktadır. AbstractAnemia is a hematological condition and is defined as having less than the normal number of red blood cells or less than the normal hemoglobin level in the blood. If the hemoglobin level in the blood is <13.5 g/dL in men and <12 g/dL in women, the condition is described as anemia. When hemoglobin levels in the blood decrease, oxygen levels in the tissues decrease, resulting in hypoxia. Functional disturbances may be observed in tissues because of hypoxia. Therefore, clinical symptoms of anemia may affect various systems of the body. Hematological deficiencies can affect teeth, mucous membranes, periodontal tissues, salivary glands, and perioral skin. In this study, the oral and perioral manifestations of anemia are reviewed and the importance of dentistry is emphasized.

No abstract

Purpose: Supernumerary tooth is one of the developmental problems in children. Supernumerary tooth present in the midline of the maxilla is called "mesiodens". Mesiodens present classical oral complication such as impaction of adjacent teeth, crowding, diastema formation, rotation, displacement of teeth, and occlusal interference. The treatment modality is removal of mesiodens and further observation till the permanent incisors erupt. The aim of this study is to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of mesiodens, with an analysis of the associated clinical-eruptive complications.Materials and Methods: Thirty two patients with mesiodens were included in the present study. Radiological examination, age, sex distribution, number of mesiodens per patient, shape, size, direction of the eruption and the relationship with permanent incisors were documented.Results: The results showed that males were affected approximately 3.5 times more than females; most of the mesiodens were conical in shape (67.56%) where as the rest the others were tuberculate (32.44%). Of the 32 children, 27 (84.37%) had one mesiodens and 5 (15.63%) had two mesiodens bilaterally to midline. 12 mesiodens out of 37 (32.44%) were fully impacted. The most common complication caused by mesiodens was delayed eruption of the permanent incisors and there were 14 cases (43.75%) in such condition.Conclusion: Mesiodens as the most prevalent form of supernumerary teeth in permanent dentition is not a rare condition. Extraction of mesiodens in the early mixed dentition helps spontaneous alignment of the permanent dentition in childhood.Keywords: Supernumerary tooth, mesiodens, midline ÖZ Amaç: Artı dişler çocuklarda gelişimsel bir problem olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Maksilla orta hat civarında bulunan artı dişler mesiodens olarak tanımlanır. Mesiodensin komplikasyonları arasında çevredeki daimi dişin gömülü olarak kalması ve/veya sürmemesi, diestema oluşumu, dişlerde rotasyon, yer değişik-liği ve okluzyon problemleridir. Tedavisi mesiodensin çekimi ve daimi dişin sürmesine kadar takiptir. Bu çalışmanın amacı mesiodenslerin epidemiyolojik karakterlerinin değerlendirilmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya mesiodensi olan 32 çocuk hasta dahil edilmiştir. Radyolojik muayene, yaş, cinsiyet, hastalardaki mesiodens sayısı, şekli, boyutu, sürme yolu ve daimi kesici dişler ile ilişkileri kaydedilmiştir.Bulgular: Çalışma sonuçlarına göre erkek çocuklarda mesiodens görülme sıklığı kız çocuklara oranla 3.5 kat daha fazladır. En sık görülen mesiodens şekli konik mesiodens (%67.56) olup diğer mesiodensler tüberkül şekillidir (%32.44). Çalışmaya dahil edilen 32 çocuğun 27'sinde (%84.37) bir mesiodens belirlenmiş, kalan 5 (%15.63) çocuk hastada ise bilateral 2 mesiodense rastlanmıştır. Çalışmadaki 37 mesiodensten 12'si (%32.44) tamamen gömüktür. Hastalar arasında en sık görülen komplikasyon, 14 vakada görülmüş olan daimi keser dişlerin sürme gecikmesidir.Sonuç: Erken karışık dişlenme döneminde mesiodenslerin çekimi çocukluk dönemindeki daimi dişlerin sürme ve sıral...