This study was carried out to assess the effect of the incorporation of detoxified argan press cake on milk yield, physicochemical composition, and microbial quality of raw Alpine goat milk produced in the Meskala-Essaouira region of southwestern Morocco. The detoxification method, adopted for the removal of saponin present in the argan press cake, succeeded in reducing these antinutrients from 4.56 to 0.4 mg/g, allowing it to be used as livestock feed. The average of milk production increased by 24% for the detoxified argan press cake (DAPC) group compared to the argan press cake and local diet groups. The diets and lactation stages had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on fat, protein, total solids, and salt in milk. Lactation stage and diet also had a significant effect (P < 0.001) on saponin concentrations in goat milk. Microbiological analysis showed that microbial flora of raw goat milk samples decreased with lactation stage. In terms of performance, DAPC could replace a conventional diet for goats without substantial detrimental effects.
Several studies have revealed optimal methods of cultivation and production of the Argane tree around the world. Certainly, Morocco includes the highest rate of production, however, many countries have started experimenting with promoting and using different products of this plant for its therapeutic and cosmetic virtues. The present work was conducted to evaluate the effect of using press oil cake and pulp from the Argane tree in animal feeding on different parameters of raw camel milk collected in the Ounagha region (Essaouira-Morocco). Here, the mineral contents and antioxidant capacity of seventy-eight milk samples collected from two camel populations were analyzed. The first population was characterized by a diet including Argane by products, whilst the second represented the control population. Results from this investigation demonstrated that camel milk samples consuming The Argane diet (AD) constituted an interesting supplement of natural antioxidants, especially that of total phenolic compounds (TPC). (TPC) of AD milk varied from 17.29 ± 0.61 to 22.65 ± 1.15 mg GAE/g of DM, while TPC of the control diet (CD) milk ranged from 10.74 ± 0.39 to 12.46 ± 0.33 mg GAE/g of DM. Furthermore, a mineral analysis demonstrated that AD milk samples were found to be rich in potassium, magnesium and other minerals with various health benefits. It is concluded that, the Argane diet (AD) could replace conventional diets for camels without any side effects and could therefore be used as a cost-effective feed source for camels in dry areas.
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