The impact of daylighting strategies on a building's carbon emissions have so far been assessed mostly based on the building's use phase and their resulting operational benefits, overlooking embodied carbon emissions of material production, construction, maintenance and end of life. This paper proposes a new methodological framework that combines different techniques including sensitivity analysis, target cascading and a method called Design Space Exploration. The framework was tested on a case study, namely the winning entry of Solar decathlon 2012, to evaluate daylighting strategies based on both daylight availability and embodied carbon emissions. . This study allowed to show through a formal process that while choices made on window head height, glazing type, interior surface reflectance and window-to-wall ratio (WWR) basically define daylight access potential, they only have a minor impact on embodied carbon emissions. Key Innovations• First multi-criteria platform to explore a design space with a focus on illuminance and embodied carbon; • Uncover relationships between Daylight Factor (DF) targets and induced embodied Global Warming Potential (GWP) of influential building components; • Ability to rank design parameters based on their influence on daylight access and embodied carbon emissions through sensitivity analysis; • Weighing of embodied carbon impact per façade element (wall, frame and glazing) thanks to target cascading techniques. Practical ImplicationsThe methodology proposed in this article aims to offer useful guidance to practitioners by helping them identify which design parameters may impact daylighting performance or GWP or -most interestingly -both of them. Recent approachesThe impact of daylighting strategies on a building's carbon emissions have been assessed mostly based on the
Solar control strategies are essential for the glare control and decreasing cooling needs or overheating risks (in the absence of active cooling system), however, they come with their own embodied energy. With the carbon neutrality objective looking at the 2050 horizon, life-cycle assessment (LCA) approach is needed to evaluate the impact of decisions made on the different building components, including solar shading systems. To that end, this paper applies a relatively new concept defined as the Life-Cycle Efficiency Ratio (LCER) to quantify the trade-off between operational and embodied energy. Results based on a low-carbon case study suggests that adding solar shadings does not reduce the life cycle carbon emissions of this project. Also, analyses show that the ratio between operational benefits and embodied impacts of external fabric blind is the highest, while this ratio is the lowest for the internal fabric blinds in this case study.
After industrial revolution many of visionaries deal with technology in underdeveloped communities; but dealing with technology did not lead to preserving identity and culture in cities and caused unconsidered deployment of technology for response to construction needs and made environmental damages. Today, the lack of attention to the cultural aspects of the architecture in developing countries is become a common issue .This despite the fact that many of these countries, such as Iran, have rich culture and glorious history in art, engineering and architecture. So, extensive study on Iranian Traditional architecture and its technologic solutions to solve ecological issues in a cultural context have been carried out. This paper aims to find how technology and ecology were influenced by Iranian culture and how come together in contemporary architecture. This investigation was carried out based on library and field studies. Here, the concept of sustainability and position of ecology, technology and culture in it, Relationship between culture and eco-tech architecture in developing countries will be explained. Then, Iranian traditional architecture and its eco-technologic solutions in a cultural context will be discussed.
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