The aim of this research was to describe the incidence and histopathological subtypes of head and neck lymphoma in Guilan province, Iran. In this retrospective study, all cases of head and neck cancers registered in Iranian Cancer Registry Program in Guilan province of Iran from 2004 to 2009 were obtained and included in the analysis. Out of 1,510 cases, 169 (11.2%) were reported as lymphomas (87 cases of non-Hodgkin, 67 cases of Hodgkin, and 13 cases of unknown type). The mean ages of males and females diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma were 30.4 and 28.7 years, re spectively. For non-Hodgkin's lymphoma the respective figures were 50.5 and 49.3 years old. Among various histological subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the diffuse large B-cell type (74.2%) was the most frequent while immunoblastic lymphoma (1.1%) was the least frequent. Nodular sclerosis (58.2%) and mixed cellularity (18.0%) types were most frequent among Hodgkin's lymphomas.
Introduction:Malignant sinus mucosal melanoma is a rarely occurring melanoma in adults, with a poor prognosis. This study presents a rare case of a 33-year-old man suffering from headache and nasal obstruction for two weeks, and emphasizes the importance of immunohistochemical staining for diagnosis.
Background Despite all the existing guidelines regarding Covid-19, there has been less emphasis on oral care to reduce the amount of virus in the mouth and saliva and thus reduce the risk of transmission of this disease. The purpose of this study is to investigate oral hygiene habits and infection control behaviors and their relationship with the rate of family transmission in patients with covid-19. Methods In this cross-sectional analytical study, 179 patients with covid-19 referred to the Razi Medical Training Center in Rasht were examined in the form of continuous sampling in 1400–1401. The data collection tool is a 3-part questionnaire including 1) personal social and clinical information of a person infected with Covid-19, basic information from family members in contact with the infected person, and transfer to another person in the family 2) oral hygiene habits during quarantine 3) infection control behaviors. To analyze the collected data, independent t-tests, ANOVA, and Spearman's correlation were used for quantitative variables, and the Chi-square test was used for qualitative variables in SPSS software version 28, and the level of significance in all tests was 0.05. Results The findings showed that the rate of family transmission of the disease was 61.5%. There was no significant relationship between oral hygiene habits with the family transmission of Covid-19 (p = 0.108), but the use of a shared toothbrush container and a shared toothpaste tube among family members was significantly related to the rate of family transmission (p = 0.042 and p > 0.001, respectively) Conclusions There was no relationship between oral hygiene habits and the transmission of covid-19 disease in family members, but oral hygiene habits were effective in contracting a more severe form of the disease and the rate of hospitalization. The use of toothbrush containers and toothpaste tubes shared between family members increased the chance of family transmission of covid-19.
Background: Different studies about the effects of mouthwashes on force reduction by elastomeric chains are reported in the literature. Hence, this review was done for the assessment of force degradation in the elastomeric chains in different mouthwash compositions. This study helps to improve the clinical performance of elastomeric chains used in orthodontics, reducing force degradation, and finally assisting clinicians in choosing better and more efficient methods for their treatments. Materials and Methods: In this review article, an extensive search was performed in the electronic databases of Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus from the year 1990–2020. No language restriction was considered and manually investigated the reference lists of all articles related to the title. Out of 450 obtained articles, 14 in vitro studies were chosen based on the inclusion criteria, and their quality was assessed using modified CONSORT. This systematic review was limited and written based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. Results: Based on the results achieved, mouthwashes containing alcohol caused considerable force degradation in the elastomeric chains compared to the alcohol-free ones and mouthwashes with fluoride caused lesser force degradation compared to other types.
Lichen planus is a chronic, relatively common, dermal mucosa disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) has introduced lichen planus as a premalignant condition. Ki-67 is a protein that can be detected in all active phases of the cell cycle, especially in the G2 and M phases. Considering the major role of Ki-67 in the regulation of the cell cycle and the fact that it is one of the conditions for pre-malignant potential and epithelial proliferation, the aim of this study was to evaluate Ki-67 expression in oral lichen planus (OLP) lesions. Materials and methods:This study included 32 patients [16 with OLP and 16 with no OLP and a normal epithelium, which were considered the control group (CG)]. Demographic data was extracted from each patient's file and documented in an information form. Immunohistochemistry for Ki-67 was conducted using the EnVision method. P value was significant at <0.05. Results:Ki-67 staining quality in the OLP group was significantly greater than the CG group according to both the Mann-Whitney test and quantity (p = 0.001). The average percentage of positive cells in the OLP group was 13.11, while the average in the CG group was 2.26. Ki-67 staining in OLPs was 87.5% (++) and 62% with a strong degree of staining. Age and gender differences were compared using the independent t-test; no significant statistical differences were noted between the two groups. Conclusion:Considering Ki-67 is a proliferation marker, the increased expression of Ki-67 in the OLP group's epithelium indicates a high proliferation rate in lichen planus lesions.
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