During the rabi season of 2019-20, a field experiment entitled “Effect of graded levels of fertilizer on growth and yield of niger varieties under rainfed condition of Assam” was conducted at Instructional-cum-Research (ICR) Farm, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat with a view to assess the influence of graded levels of NPK and varieties on growth and yield of niger. With three replications, the experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design (Factorial). The treatments comprised of four grades of NPK viz., F1: 10-5-5 kg N-P2O5-K2O/ha, F2: 20-10-10 kg N-P2O5-K2O/ha, F3: 30-15-15 kg N-P2O5-K2O/ha and F4: 40-20-20 kg NP 2O5-K2O/ha and four varieties viz., V1: NG-1, V2: GA-10, V3: JNS-9 and V4: NB-1. Experimental findings revealed that application of 40-20-20 kg N-P2O5-K2O/ha, 30-15-15 kg N-P2O5-K2O/ha and 20-10-10 kg NP2O5-K2O/ha gave statistically at par values in respect of all growth parameters studied viz., plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area index, number of branches per plant, dry matter production per plant and chlorophyll content of leaves. Application of 40-20-20 kg N-P2O5-K2O/ha proved superior in terms of yield attributing characters like capitula per plant, number of seeds per capitulum, seed (534.15 kg/ha) and stover yield (2981.05 kg/ha) and oil yield (204.12 kg/ha). No treatment differences were observed in respect of 1000-seed weight and harvest index. Among the varieties, NB-1 gave significantly higher values in almost all the growth characters (viz., plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area index, number of branches per plant and dry matter production per plant) under study except chlorophyll content of leaves, which was higher in the variety GA-10. On the other hand, the variety GA-10 gave significantly higher values in respect of yield attributing characters like number of capitula per plant, number of seeds per capitulum and 1000-seed weight which were at par with JNS-9. Significantly higher seed yield was obtained in GA-10 (491.87 kg/ha) which was at par with JNS-9 (470.24 kg/ha), whereas, the stover yield was the highest in NB-1 (2866.84 kg/ha). Harvest index was significantly higher in GA-10 (16.44%) and was at par with JNS-9 (15.90%) and NG-1 (15.50%). The variety GA-10 also produced significantly oil yield (191.96 kg/ha). The highest interaction effect was recorded under the treatment combination- V2F4 (40-20-20 kg NP2O5-K2O /ha was applied to GA-10) in respect of number of capitula per plant (35.64), seed yield (623.90 kg/ha).
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is considered as the major source of nutrients in many parts of the world . It provides carbohydrates, proteins, fats, fibres, minerals, vitamins; etc 1 . It is staple food for more than half of the world's population 2 . Rice is an excellent source of energy in the form of starch, and it provides proteins of higher nutritional quality 3 .
Zinc is considered as an important micronutrient for maize which is a promising emerging cash crop for the state of Assam, India. A field experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jorhat, Assam Agricultural University during 2018-19 and 2019-20 to study the dynamics of zinc fractions in soil in a maize-maize cropping sequence as affected by zinc fertilization. The experiment was laid down in a randomized block design (RBD) with twelve treatments combinations of basal and foliar application of zinc through zinc sulphate and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). The results revealed that zinc fertilization significantlyinfluenced the studied zinc fractions in soil during both the years under investigation. The distribution of different zinc fractions in soils at harvest was found in the following order: water soluble plus exchangeable-Zn < complexed-Zn < crystalline sesquioxide bound-Zn < amorphous sesquioxide bound-Zn < residual-Zn. Among the zinc treatment combinations, soil application of Zn @ 3.75 kg ha-1 in combination with foliar application of 500 ppm ZnO NPs exhibited the highest concentration of water soluble plus exchangeable-Zn content (1.10 ppm) in soil. The highest concentration of complexed-Zn (2.95 ppm), amorphous sesquioxide-bound-Zn (4.11 mg kg-1), crystalline sesquioxide-bound-Zn (3.76 ppm), residual-Zn (125.65 ppm) and total-Zn (137.33 ppm) were recorded in the treatment receiving soil application of Zn @ 7.5 kg ha-1. Among the zinc fractions studied, the concentration and percent contribution of water soluble plus exchangeable-Zn to total-Zn was the lowest while residual-Zn fraction contributed the highest to the total soil zinc pool. Furthermore, path coefficient analysis revealed that the water soluble plus exchangeable-Zn had the highest contribution towards the plant available DTPA extractable-Zn in soil. Moreover, all the fractions of zinc were found to be significantly and positively correlated with each other indicating existence of dynamic equilibrium of zinc in soil.
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