The data on birth weight of 524 (male--287, female--237) live born singleton babies of Changlang have been subjected to analysis in relation to sex, mean birth weight and low birth weight (LBW). For the purpose of comparison, the present data were sub-divided into three categories--Tangsa Tribe (T.T.), Tribes excluding Tangsa (T) and other groups (O.G.). Tribal babies of Changlang are found to be heavier than babies of other groups. It has also been observed that occurrence of LBW among tribal babies of Changlang is less than that of the babies of other groups of Changlang and it is much less than that of Bengali babies of Calcutta and Marathi babies of Pune District. It is apparent that tribal babies of Changlang are more healthier than caste babies of N.E. India.
Introduction – Cervical cancer is one of the leading cause of cancer mortality, accounting for 17% of all cancer deaths among women of 30-69 years age. As sustaining with high-quality cytology based Pap smear programs are difcult in low-resource settings of India, screening efforts should be directed towards cost-effective strategies that are more affordable and quality-assured. Aim - Materials to identify better screening method of premalignant cervical lesion in sexually active women using Pap smear and Colposcopy. And Methods – cross-sectional study upon 100 women of 21-65 years age attending GOPD at tertiary medical center of West Bengal with C/O irregular bleeding p/v, white discharge, post-coital bleeding, dyspareunia. Pap smear and colposcopy done for all of them. PAP smear is Results – abnormal for 6.1% cases and colposcopy is abnormal in 7.6% cases. Association of Pap smear and colposcopy has been found as statistically signicant. The association of biopsy and PAP report found as statistically insignicant. In all CIN cases, biopsy become abnormal. Statistical analysis revealed that colposcopy has a sensitivity of 83.3, specicity: 100.0, PPV : 100.0, NPV: 98.4 and accuracy of 98.48% . Pap smear has sensitivity 66.7, Specicity: 100.0, Positive Predictive Value: 100.0, Negative Predictive Value: 96.8 and Accuracy: 96.96%. Conclusion – Colposcopy has been found to have better sensitivity than Pap smear as a screening method for CIN and micro-invasive CA cervix to decrease the disease specic morbidity and mortality in India.
Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the long-standing birth outcomes amongst all adverse pregnancy outcomes, which have lasting influences in the later life span. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of LBW babies; to examine the correlation between maternal socio-demographic, lifestyle, obstetrics, and clinical factors with LBW; and to compare the above factors between mothers with low and normal birth weight babies.Methods: All the pregnant women admitted for delivery in the inpatient Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and providing informed consent were interviewed with the help of the semi-structured questionnaire. The antenatal card and labour room log book were also scrutinized for relevant data.Results: The prevalence of LBW and VLBW were 33.8% and 2.8% respectively. A significant positive correlation was found between strenuous working environment, duration of standing, consumption of alcohol and smoking in pregnancy, previous history of premature birth and LBW babies, high blood pressure and pre-eclampsia during pregnancy, total weight gain during pregnancy and gestational age at birth and LBW. Mothers of LBW and normal birth weight babies significantly differed in their age, total weight gain during pregnancy, religion, level of education, history of premature baby and LBW baby, high blood pressure and preeclampsia during pregnancy. In the regression model, there was also a significant positive linear relationship between LBW and strenuous work environment & gestational age at birth.Conclusions: One third of the pregnant mothers delivered LBW child and various socio-demographic and clinical factors had significant correlation with LBW.
Introduction: Caesarean techniques have evolved over time to increase their safety. Intra-abdominal closure of uterine incision seems more physiological. Exteriorisation makes repair easier with a better exposure. But this causes tension to the supporting structures attached to uterus and stretching of vasculature with the risk of intraoperative haematoma or aneurysm later on. Aim: To compare the in-situ repair Group and exteriorised repair group caesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia regarding occurrence of intraoperative and postoperative complications of interest. Materials and Methods: A prospective interventional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at College of Medicine and Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Hospital, West Bengal, India, over a period of two years from April 2014 to March 2016. Four hundred women undergoing caesarean section who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited in the study. They were randomly allocated into two study groups as per a computer generated random allocation table. In Group A (n=200) uterine incision was closed after uterus was exteriorised and in Group B (n=200) uterine incision was closed keeping it inside the abdomen. Intraoperative and postoperative parameters of interest such as nausea-vomiting, drop in pulse rate, incision closure time, drop in haemoglobin, blood transfusion rate, return of bowel sounds, febrile morbidity, surgical site infection, hospital stay etc., were noted and compared between the two groups. Numerical variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation and analysed using independent sample t-test. For qualitative variables frequency and percentage were calculated and analysed using Chi-square. Collected data was transferred and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version25. The p-value ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: The demographic profiles like age, parity, gestational age etc. of both the groups were similar. There was a significant difference in uterine closure time (9±2.5 minutes in in-situ repair group vs. 10±2 minutes in exteriorisation and repair groups, respectively (p<0.001**). Mean drop in pulse rate, incidence of nausea, vomiting were similar in both the groups (p>0.05). Mean drop of haemoglobin was more in the intraabdominal closure group (1.5±1.3 gm/dL) as compared to the group of closure after exteriorisation (1.4±1.3 gm/dL) though the difference was not significant statistically (p=0.44). Postpartum blood transfusion rate was 6.5% in exteriorised repair group and 9% in in-situ repair group (p=0.35). Postoperative morbidity like fever, surgical site infection, length of hospital stay was similar in both the groups. Conclusion: Choice of uterine closure method is operator dependent and either method of uterine closure is acceptable when practiced and skill is gained. Exteriorisation is advantageous when excessive bleeding is encountered. Though time taken for closure in in-situ group is statistically more it is similar practically. Bowel sounds returned earlier postoperatively in in-situ group.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.