Objective: Increased prevalence of elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents was associated with increased body weight and measures. Also, prevalence of elevated blood pressure varies between countries. This study is to investigate the prevalence of elevated blood pressure in Indonesian children and its relationship with bodyweight and anthropometric measures.Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 1010 elementary students aged 8–12 years (479 girls, 531 boys). The anthropometric measures and blood pressure were assessed. Elevated blood pressure (EBP) was determined if at the 90th percentile or above for gender, age, and height. Independent t-test, Chi-square, Pearson correlation, and multivariate logistic regression were applied. Significance was determined at p<0.05.Results: Overall prevalence of EBP was 28.8% (35.9% in girls, 22.4% in boys). BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist to height ratio (WHtR), and abdominal skinfold had significant correlation with EBP. Elevated BP was higher in overweight and obesity than in normoweight (60.5% vs 39.5%, p=0.00). In girls, the OR of EBP for overweight and obesity were 2.33 (95% CI 1.40 - 3.87, p=0.03) and 3.44 (95% CI 1.98 - 5.99, p=0.00)  whereas in boys were 4.26 (95% CI 2.20 - 8.28, p=0.00) and 8.82 (95% CI 5.10 - 15.38, p=0.00).Conclusions: Prevalence of EBP in Indonesian school children aged 8-11 years was higher and more prevalent in overweight/obesity and in girls. Anthropometric measures were correlated with EBP.

Background: Fall risks among middle-aged women are relatively high. However, there is a lack of studies on tools of balance tests and their accuracy among middle-aged women. Objective: The aim of this study is to compare three tools of balance tests to predict falls of middle-aged women who exercise regularly and who do not. Methods: Eighty-five middle-aged women (50-64 years old) were included in this study, and 40 women of them (47.1%) exercised regularly. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), and 30-second Chair Stand Test (30-s CST) were the tools examined in this study. The numerical data of this study were analyzed by using a Mann-Whitney test. Those were significant if p<0.05. Accuracy of the tools of balance tests was evaluated by using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. Area under the curve (AUC) was significant if ≥0.70. Results: Based on this study, the middle-aged women (EG) indicated lower score of TU than sedentary (SG) test (6.9 ± 0.9 vs 8.3 ± 1.7, p = <0.000), and higher score of 30-s than sedentary (SG) test (20.1 ± 3.6 vs 17.2 ± 5.6, p = 0.026). Three participants (3.53%) reported history of falls. The TUG test had better accuracy to predict the falls (AUC 0.922, 95% CI 0.840 -1.005, sensitivity 1.00, specificity 0.84, p=0.013). Mostly, the participants (≈70%) preferred to practice Tai Chi and Yoga. Conclusion:The middle-aged women who exercised could have a better score of the balance tests, and the TUG test could predict falls of them.Latar Belakang: Risiko jatuh pada perempuan paruh baya cukup tinggi. Namun, studi tentang tes keseimbangan dan akurasi tes tersebut pada perempuan paruh baya belum banyak diungkap. Tujuan Penelitian: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan tiga tes keseimbangan dalam memprediksi risiko jatuh pada perempuan paruh baya yang melakukan olahraga dan yang tidak melakukan olahraga.

BACKGROUNDThe osteoporosis self-assessment tool (OST) is a simple screening tool to assess risk of osteoporosis and to select high risk women for dualenergy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) examination. This study aimed to evaluate OST performance in detecting low bone mineral density (BMD) in menopausal women.

Background: There is increasing evidence that practicing tai chi or yoga can improve the elderly’s physical performance. This study aimed to compare the effects of tai chi and yoga on balance and leg muscle strength in the elderly. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 90 elderly persons who practice tai chi (n = 36), yoga (n = 23), and a control group (n = 31). The balance function was assessed using the single-leg stance (SLS) test, while leg muscle strength (LMS) was assessed using a leg-back dynamometer. A Chi-square, Spearman rank test, one-way ANOVA with LSD post hoc were applied. The significance was set at p<0.05. Results: One-way ANOVA showed a difference in LMS and SLS between groups (p<0.01). LSD post hoc analysis found the difference in LMS between tai chi and yoga (64.3 vs. 41.5, p<0.01) and tai chi and control (64.3 vs. 30.4, p<0.01). The difference was also found in SLS between tai chi and control (36.7 vs. 6.2, p<0.01) and between yoga and control (41.4 vs. 6.2, p<0.01). Conclusion: Elderly persons who participated in tai chi and yoga demonstrated higher LMS and SLS performance than the sedentary participants. The tai chi group showed better muscle strength than the yoga group.

The prevalence of non-communicable diseases (PTM) is increasing rapidly. PTM prevention can be done by modifying risk factors such as increased physical activity (sports). Aside from prevention, physical activity has a therapeutic effect. However, choosing one type of exercise is apparently not simple. Many factors must be considered including the level of fitness, age, field conditions and others. Another factor to consider is exercise time. For people without the risk of heart attack, physical exercise (sports) can be done at any time. But it needs to be considered if the sport is done outdoors, it should be done at a safe temperature and humidity. For the high risk group for heart attack, the best exercise time is around 15.00 - 16.00 which is the highest fibrinolytic activity and the lowest coagulation activity, while the least good time is around 09.00 - 10.00 ie the highest coagulation activity and activity the lowest fibrinolytic. Among the many types of exercise, walking is one type of physical activity that is easy and inexpensive. Walking has good health benefits for the elderly. However, walking must be done with the right techniques in order to provide the expected benefits and prevent negative effects, which is minimizing the risks when walking. This counseling is done so that the participants can understand the correct and safe walking technique and do the walking according to the correct techniqueABSTRAK:Prevalensi penyakit tidak menular (PTM) meningkat dengan pesat. Pencegahan PTM dapat dilakukan dengan modifikasi faktor risiko antara lain peningkatan aktivitas fisik (olah raga). Disamping sebagai upaya  pencegahan, aktivitas fisik memiliki efek terapi. Namun demikian, memilih satu jenis latihan ternyata tidak sederhana. Banyak faktor harus dipertimbangkan antara lain tingkat kebugaran, usia, kondisi lapangan dan lain-lain. Faktor lain yang perlu dipertimbangkan adalah waktu ber olah raga. Bagi orang tanpa risiko serangan jantung, latihan fisik (olahraga) dapat dilakukan kapan saja. Namun perlu dipertimbangkan bila olahraga dilakukan outdoor, sebaiknya dilakukan pada suhu dan kelembaban yang aman. Bagi kelompok risiko tinggi terhadap serangan jantung, waktu latihan yang paling baik adalah sekitar pukul 15.00 – 16.00 yaitu saat aktivitas fibrinolitik paling tinggi dan aktivitas koagulasi paling rendah, sedangkan waktu yang kurang baik adalah sekitar pukul 09.00 – 10.00 yaitu saat aktivitas koagulasi paling tinggi dan aktivitas fibrinolitik paling rendah. Diantara banyak jenis latihan, jalan kaki adalah salah satu jenis aktivitas fisik yang mudah dan murah. Jalan kaki memiliki manfaat kesehatan yang baik bagi lansia. Namun demikian jalan kaki harus dilakukan dengan teknik yang benar agar memberikan manfaat yang diharapkan dan mencegah efek negatif, yaitu meminimalisir risiko saat melakukan jalan kaki. Penyuluhan ini dilakukan agar para peserta dapat memahami teknik jalan kaki yang benar dan aman serta melakukan jalan kaki sesuai teknik yang benar.